School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Pool House Equine Hospital, IVC Evidensia, Lichfield, UK.
Vet Med Sci. 2024 Nov;10(6):e70104. doi: 10.1002/vms3.70104.
The translocation of gingival commensals resulting in measurable systemic inflammation has been described in humans and non-equine veterinary species with dental disorders, particularly periodontal disease. Routine odontoplasty does not result in increased serum amyloid A (SAA) concentration in horses, but a measurable increase in SAA concentration in horses undergoing dental extractions could suggest that local inflammation resulting from more severe dental disease has potential for wider, systemic consequences that warrants further study.
To determine whether SAA increases in horses undergoing simple, oral extraction of non-fractured cheek teeth with and without periodontal disease.
Prospective cohort study.
SAA was measured using a stall-side test in horses undergoing simple oral extraction of cheek teeth with intact clinical crowns at baseline (T = 0), 24 h (T = 24) and 48 h (T = 48) post-extraction.
Eight horses and 4 ponies aged between 4 and 23 years underwent cheek tooth extraction. A statistically significant difference in SAA concentration was noted between groups with and without periodontal disease at both 24 h (p = 0.004) and 48 h (p = 0.043). At 24 h, the median SAA concentration was 135 mg/L (range: 0-260 mg/L; IQR: 77.5-174 mg/L) in horses with periodontal disease and 27.5 mg/L (range: 0-47 mg/L; IQR: 4.8-43.5 mg/L) in horses without periodontal disease. At 48 h, median SAA concentration was 264 mg/L (range: 236-440 mg/L; IQR: 245.5-300.5 mg/L) in horses with periodontal disease and 0 mg/L (range = 0-41 mg/L; IQR: 0-21.8 mg/L) in horses without periodontal disease.
Small sample group. Horses undergoing extraction of fractured cheek teeth were not included.
Extraction of non-fractured cheek teeth does not result in a remarkable increase in SAA, except in horses with periodontal disease. These results suggest that periodontal disease in horses is associated with a local inflammatory response, which in turn drives the development of systemic inflammation, resulting in detectable increases in inflammatory markers when diseased periodontal tissues are disturbed.
在患有牙齿疾病的人类和非马兽医物种中，牙龈共生体的移位导致可测量的系统性炎症已经被描述出来，尤其是牙周病。常规的牙整形术不会导致马血清淀粉样蛋白 A（SAA）浓度升高，但在接受拔牙的马中，SAA 浓度的可测量升高可能表明，源于更严重牙齿疾病的局部炎症有可能产生更广泛的全身性后果，这值得进一步研究。
确定在患有牙周病和无牙周病的马中，简单的口腔内颊牙拔除术是否会导致 SAA 升高。
前瞻性队列研究。
使用马的床边检测，在基线（T = 0）、拔牙后 24 小时（T = 24）和 48 小时（T = 48）时测量接受简单口腔内颊牙拔除术且临床牙冠完整的马的 SAA。
8 匹马和 4 匹小马年龄在 4 至 23 岁之间。在有和无牙周病的两组之间，在 24 小时（p = 0.004）和 48 小时（p = 0.043）时 SAA 浓度均存在统计学显著差异。在 24 小时时，患有牙周病的马的 SAA 浓度中位数为 135mg/L（范围：0-260mg/L；IQR：77.5-174mg/L），而无牙周病的马的 SAA 浓度中位数为 27.5mg/L（范围：0-47mg/L；IQR：4.8-43.5mg/L）。在 48 小时时，患有牙周病的马的 SAA 浓度中位数为 264mg/L（范围：236-440mg/L；IQR：245.5-300.5mg/L），而无牙周病的马的 SAA 浓度中位数为 0mg/L（范围=0-41mg/L；IQR：0-21.8mg/L）。
样本量小。未包括接受折断的颊牙拔除术的马。
除了患有牙周病的马，非折断的颊牙拔除术不会导致 SAA 显著增加。这些结果表明，马的牙周病与局部炎症反应有关，而局部炎症反应又会导致系统性炎症的发展，当患病的牙周组织受到干扰时，会导致炎症标志物的可检测性增加。
