Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, 27310, Turkey.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, 06490, Turkey.
Curr Nutr Rep. 2024 Nov 7;14(1):1. doi: 10.1007/s13668-024-00592-2.
This review aims to explore the relationship between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and nutrition. ADHD, a neurodevelopmental disorder, has been examined in relation to dietary factors through various metabolic pathways, with a focus on the role of nutrition in symptom management. Unhealthy dietary patterns, particularly those characteristics of Western diets, are believed to exacerbate ADHD symptoms through these mechanisms. In contrast, dietary interventions such as intermittent fasting, which offer greater flexibility in application, have been proposed as potential strategies to alleviate ADHD symptoms. While further research in this area is expected to contribute significantly to the field, this review also provides researchers with a brief perspective on the challenges and limitations associated with experimental ADHD studies. Therefore, this study aims to offer a comprehensive evaluation of the interaction between ADHD and nutrition, providing researchers with an integrative approach to the topic.
Western dietary patterns have been found to negatively impact gut barrier integrity, synaptic plasticity, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress. On the other hand, the intermittent fasting diet model, which offers practical flexibility, is thought to be a potentially supportive treatment in managing ADHD. Furthermore, it has been concluded that various experimental models are available for ADHD research, and researchers must work within these limitations. Western diets, particularly in their negative impact on synaptic plasticity and other key metabolic pathways involved in ADHD, can worsen the disorder's symptoms. Intermittent fasting emerges as a promising dietary alternative that may mitigate these adverse effects.
本综述旨在探讨注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与营养之间的关系。ADHD 是一种神经发育障碍，人们通过各种代谢途径研究了饮食因素与 ADHD 之间的关系，重点关注营养在症状管理中的作用。不良的饮食模式，特别是西方饮食的特点，被认为通过这些机制加重了 ADHD 症状。相比之下，间歇性禁食等饮食干预措施因其应用具有更大的灵活性，被认为是缓解 ADHD 症状的潜在策略。尽管该领域的进一步研究预计将对该领域做出重大贡献，但本综述也为研究人员提供了有关 ADHD 实验研究相关挑战和局限性的简要观点。因此，本研究旨在对 ADHD 与营养之间的相互作用进行全面评估，为研究人员提供该主题的综合方法。
西方饮食模式已被发现对肠道屏障完整性、突触可塑性、胰岛素抵抗和氧化应激产生负面影响。另一方面，间歇性禁食饮食模式被认为是一种潜在的支持性治疗方法，可用于管理 ADHD。此外，还得出结论，有多种实验模型可用于 ADHD 研究，研究人员必须在这些限制范围内工作。西方饮食，特别是其对突触可塑性和 ADHD 相关的其他关键代谢途径的负面影响，可能会加重该疾病的症状。间歇性禁食作为一种有前途的饮食替代方法，可能减轻这些不利影响。
