Corona Juan Carlos
Laboratory of Neurosciences, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Oct 23;9(11):1039. doi: 10.3390/antiox9111039.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder of childhood. Although abnormalities in several brain regions and disturbances of the catecholaminergic pathway have been demonstrated, the pathophysiology of ADHD is not completely understood, but as a multifactorial disorder, has been associated with an increase in oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. This review presents an overview of factors that increase oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. The imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants and also the treatment with medications are two factors that can increase oxidative damage, whereas the comorbidity between ADHD and inflammatory disorders, altered immune response, genetic and environmental associations, and polymorphisms in inflammatory-related genes can increase neuroinflammation. Evidence of an association with these factors has become valuable for research on ADHD. Such evidence opens up new intervention routes for the use of natural products as antioxidants that could have potential as a treatment against oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in ADHD.
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种儿童神经发育障碍。尽管已经证实了几个脑区的异常以及儿茶酚胺能通路的紊乱，但ADHD的病理生理学尚未完全明确，作为一种多因素疾病，它与氧化应激增加和神经炎症有关。本综述概述了增加氧化应激和神经炎症的因素。氧化剂和抗氧化剂之间的失衡以及药物治疗是可增加氧化损伤的两个因素，而ADHD与炎症性疾病的共病、免疫反应改变、遗传和环境关联以及炎症相关基因的多态性可增加神经炎症。与这些因素相关的证据对ADHD研究具有重要价值。这些证据为使用天然产物作为抗氧化剂开辟了新的干预途径，这些天然产物可能具有治疗ADHD氧化应激和神经炎症的潜力。
