Liu Ru-Lin, Chen Xiao-Qian, Liu Jing, Zheng Qing-Xiang, Jiang Xiu-Min, Li Jia-Ning, Huang Ling, Zhu Yu
School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Nursing, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Department of Nursing, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China; Department of Nursing, Fujian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Nutr Res. 2024 Dec;132:85-94. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.10.001. Epub 2024 Oct 10.
Recent studies suggest a link between periodontitis and the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII). We hypothesize that a more proinflammatory diet is associated with periodontitis risk in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aimed to explore the association between DII scores and periodontitis risk in GDM women. In this cross-sectional study, 302 eligible GDM women from a Maternal and Child Health Hospital were enrolled between February and July 2023. DII scores were calculated based on dietary intake data collected using a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Periodontal health was assessed through periodontal parameters including bleeding on probing, probing depth, and clinical attachment loss. Logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the odds ratios (ORs) for periodontitis risk across DII tertiles. Our study found that the prevalence of periodontitis across the DII tertiles 1, 2, and 3 was 34.7%, 56.4%, and 54.0%, respectively. Comparing the highest DII tertile (tertile 3) with the lowest (tertile 1), a significant association was found between higher DII scores and periodontitis risk (univariate OR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.25, 3.90; P = .006), which remained significant in the fully adjusted model (adjusted OR: 2.30; 95% CI: 1.21, 4.37; P = .011). In conclusion, elevated DII scores are associated with an increased risk of periodontitis, underscoring the crucial role of a proinflammatory diet in periodontitis progression. Future well-designed experimental studies are needed to verify if tailored dietary strategies can effectively reduce periodontitis risk among pregnant women with GDM.
近期研究表明牙周炎与饮食炎症指数（DII）之间存在联系。我们假设，在患有妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的孕妇中，炎症性更强的饮食与牙周炎风险相关。本研究旨在探讨GDM女性的DII评分与牙周炎风险之间的关联。在这项横断面研究中，2023年2月至7月期间，从一家妇幼保健院招募了302名符合条件的GDM女性。DII评分是根据使用经过验证的半定量食物频率问卷收集的饮食摄入数据计算得出的。通过包括探诊出血、探诊深度和临床附着丧失在内的牙周参数评估牙周健康状况。采用逻辑回归模型评估DII三分位数中牙周炎风险的比值比（OR）。我们的研究发现，DII三分位数1、2和3中牙周炎的患病率分别为34.7%、56.4%和54.0%。将最高DII三分位数（三分位数3）与最低三分位数（三分位数1）进行比较，发现较高的DII评分与牙周炎风险之间存在显著关联（单变量OR：2.21；95%CI：1.25，3.90；P = 0.006），在完全调整模型中这一关联仍然显著（调整后OR：2.30；95%CI：1.21，4.37；P = 0.011）。总之，DII评分升高与牙周炎风险增加相关，这突出了炎症性饮食在牙周炎进展中的关键作用。未来需要设计良好的实验研究来验证定制的饮食策略是否能有效降低患有GDM的孕妇的牙周炎风险。
