Payandeh Nastaran, Shahinfar Hossein, Jayedi Ahmad, Mirmohammadkhani Majid, Emadi Alireza, Shab-Bidar Sakineh
Student Research Committee, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Nutritional Health Research Center, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
BMC Endocr Disord. 2025 Feb 3;25(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s12902-025-01852-0.
To examine the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
A prospective birth cohort study was conducted in Iran. During the first trimester of pregnancy, food intake was measured using a food frequency questionnaire. Each participant's DII score was calculated, and then, the Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI of GDM across the quartiles of DII. We systematically searched the literature to conduct a meta-analysis of observational studies (PROSPERO: CRD42022331703). To estimate the summary relative risk for the highest versus lowest category of DII, a random-effects meta-analysis was performed. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach.
In the prospective cohort study (n = 635 pregnant mothers), the multivariable HRs of GDM for the third and fourth quartiles of DII were 2.98 (95%CI: 1.98, 6.46) and 2.72 (95%CI: 1.11, 6.63), respectively. Based on a meta-analysis of six prospective cohorts and a case-control study (1014 cases of GDM in 7027 pregnant mothers), being in the highest category of the DII was associated with a 27% higher risk of GDM (relative risk: 1.27, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.59; I = 50%; low certainty of evidence). A dose-response meta-analysis suggested a positive monotonic association between DII and GDM risk.
Our prospective cohort demonstrated a positive correlation between GDM risk and the inflammatory potential of diet in the first trimester of pregnancy. The results need to be confirmed by larger cohort studies.
Not applicable.
研究饮食炎症指数（DII）与妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）风险之间的关联。
在伊朗进行了一项前瞻性出生队列研究。在妊娠早期，使用食物频率问卷测量食物摄入量。计算每位参与者的DII得分，然后使用Cox比例风险模型计算DII四分位数范围内GDM的风险比（HR）和95%置信区间。我们系统地检索了文献，以对观察性研究进行荟萃分析（PROSPERO：CRD42022331703）。为了估计DII最高类别与最低类别之间的汇总相对风险，进行了随机效应荟萃分析。使用GRADE方法评估证据的确定性。
在前瞻性队列研究（n = 635名孕妇）中，DII第三和第四四分位数的GDM多变量HR分别为2.98（95%CI：1.98，6.46）和2.72（95%CI：1.11，6.63）。基于对六个前瞻性队列和一项病例对照研究（7027名孕妇中的1014例GDM病例）的荟萃分析，处于DII最高类别与GDM风险高27%相关（相对风险：1.27，95%CI：1.01，1.59；I² = 50%；证据确定性低）。剂量反应荟萃分析表明DII与GDM风险之间存在正单调关联。
我们的前瞻性队列表明，妊娠早期GDM风险与饮食的炎症潜力之间存在正相关。结果需要更大规模的队列研究来证实。
不适用。
