Department of Applied Chemistry, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama 1888, Ethiopia.
Agricultural Science and Technology Research Institute, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Oct 22;25(21):11352. doi: 10.3390/ijms252111352.
Propolis, such as is used as bio-cosmetics and in functional materials, is increasing because of its antioxidant medicinal benefits. However, its pharmacological and chemical composition is highly variable, relative to its geography and botanical origins. Comparative studies on three propolis samples collected from different regions in Korea have been essential for linking its provenance, chemical composition, and biological activity, thereby ensuring the efficient utilization of its beneficial properties. Here, we report the chemical composition and biological activities such as the antioxidant, wound healing, and anti-inflammatory effects of the ethanolic extract of Korean propolis collected from two regions. We compared the chemical constituents of three 70% ethanol-extracted (EE) samples, including the Andong, Gongju field (GF), and Gongju mountain (GM)-sourced propolis using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major and common components of these EE Korean propolis were flavonoids such as pinocembrin (12.0-17.7%), chrysin (5.2-6.8%), and apigenin (5.30-5.84%). The antioxidant property using a 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity assay of EEP showed substantial differences among samples with the highest from Andong. The sample 10% GM levigated in simple ointment was found to be the most active in wound healing activity based on the excision, incision, and dead space wound models. The potential of propolis for wound healing is mainly due to its evidenced properties, such as its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and angiogenesis promoter effects, which need further study. The anti-inflammatory activity and NO production inhibitory effect were highest in GM samples. However, GM and GF samples demonstrated similar inhibitory effects on the expression of inflammatory mediators such as iNOS, IL-1β, and IL-6. The presence of a higher concentration of flavonoids in Korean EE propolis might be responsible for their promising wound healing, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties.
蜂胶，如用作生物化妆品和功能性材料，由于其抗氧化药用功效而日益受到重视。然而，由于其地理和植物来源的不同，其药理学和化学成分具有高度的可变性。对从韩国三个不同地区采集的蜂胶样本进行比较研究，对于将其来源、化学成分和生物活性联系起来，从而确保其有益特性的有效利用至关重要。在这里，我们报告了从韩国两个地区采集的蜂胶的化学成分和生物活性，如抗氧化、伤口愈合和抗炎作用。我们使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）比较了三种 70%乙醇提取物（EE）样本的化学成分，包括安洞、公州田野（GF）和公州山（GM）来源的蜂胶。这些 EE 韩国蜂胶的主要和常见成分是黄酮类化合物，如 pinocembrin（12.0-17.7%）、chrysin（5.2-6.8%）和 apigenin（5.30-5.84%）。使用 2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）自由基清除活性测定法对 EEP 的抗氧化性质进行的研究表明，样品之间存在显著差异，其中安洞的样品最高。在简单软膏中研磨的 10% GM 样品在伤口愈合活性方面表现出最活跃，基于切除、切口和死腔伤口模型。蜂胶具有促进伤口愈合的潜力，主要是由于其已证实的特性，如抗菌、抗炎、镇痛和促进血管生成作用，这需要进一步研究。GM 样品的抗炎活性和 NO 产生抑制作用最高。然而，GM 和 GF 样品对炎症介质如 iNOS、IL-1β和 IL-6 的表达表现出类似的抑制作用。韩国 EE 蜂胶中黄酮类化合物浓度较高可能是其具有良好的伤口愈合、抗炎和抗氧化特性的原因。
