Huang Chu-Man, Huang Hui-Mei, Li Ying-Hua, Liang Xing-Wei, Kim Nam-Hyung, Xu Yong-Nan
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, South China Institute of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, School of Pharmacy and Food Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529000, China.
College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
Vet Sci. 2024 Dec 6;11(12):625. doi: 10.3390/vetsci11120625.
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is one of the main active components of the natural medicine propolis, which has antioxidant, anti-tumor, and immunomodulatory activities. This study aimed to analyze the effects and underlying mechanisms of CAPE added to the medium of in vitro cultures on the developmental competence, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum of porcine embryos. The results demonstrated that 1 nM of CAPE significantly improved the quality of porcine embryos, increased the rate of blastocyst formation, and enhanced the proliferation ability. It also enhanced mitochondrial function by increasing the level of mitochondrial membrane potential and expression of the mitochondrial biogenesis-related protein PPARgamma coactivator 1 alpha and beta (PGC1 alpha and beta), regulating mitochondrial biogenesis, and increasing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content. In addition, CAPE alleviated oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in embryos by decreasing ROS accumulation and increasing glutathione content, as well as elevating Nrf2 and reducing GRP78 (ER stress marker) expression levels. Moreover, CAPE reduced the levels of apoptosis and autophagy in the cultivated embryos. These results indicate that CAPE improves the quality and enhances the mitochondrial function of in vitro-produced porcine embryos by alleviating oxidative and ER stress.
咖啡酸苯乙酯（CAPE）是天然药物蜂胶的主要活性成分之一，具有抗氧化、抗肿瘤和免疫调节活性。本研究旨在分析体外培养体系中添加CAPE对猪胚胎发育能力、线粒体和内质网的影响及其潜在机制。结果表明，1 nM的CAPE显著提高了猪胚胎的质量，提高了囊胚形成率，并增强了增殖能力。它还通过增加线粒体膜电位水平以及线粒体生物发生相关蛋白PPARγ共激活因子1α和β（PGC1α和β）的表达来增强线粒体功能，调节线粒体生物发生，并增加三磷酸腺苷（ATP）含量。此外，CAPE通过减少ROS积累、增加谷胱甘肽含量以及提高Nrf2水平和降低GRP78（内质网应激标志物）表达水平，减轻了胚胎中的氧化应激和内质网（ER）应激。此外，CAPE降低了培养胚胎中的凋亡和自噬水平。这些结果表明，CAPE通过减轻氧化应激和内质网应激来提高体外生产的猪胚胎的质量并增强其线粒体功能。
