猪胶原基质和游离牙龈移植物用于软组织移植以增加种植体周围角化组织宽度的体积变化：一项回顾性临床研究。

Volumetric changes of porcine collagen matrix and free gingival grafts for soft-tissue grafting to increase the width of keratinized tissue around dental implants: a retrospective clinical study.

机构信息

Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Carolinum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biostatistics and Mathematical Modelling, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

出版信息

Int J Implant Dent. 2024 Nov 12;10(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s40729-024-00575-6.

AIM

To compare three-dimensional changes of aporcine derived collagen matrix (CM) and free gingival grafts (FGG) for increasing keratinized tissue (KT) at dental implants over a 24-month follow-up period.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This retrospective study enrolled 25 patients exhibiting 41 implants with deficient KT width (i.e., < 2 mm) who underwent soft tissue augmentation using either CM (11 patients/15 implants) or FGG (14 patients/26 implants). The primary outcome was tissue thickness change (mm) at treated implant sites between 1- (S0), 12- (S1), and 24-months (S2). Secondary outcome was the changes of KT width over a 24-month follow-up period.

RESULTS

Dimensional analyses from S0 to S1 and from S0 to S2 revealed a mean decrease in tissue thickness of -0.05 ± 0.35 mm and - 0.31 ± 0.41 mm in the CM group, and - 0.23 ± 0.38 mm and - 0.22 ± 0.81 mm in the FGG group, with no significant differences found between the groups (S0-S1: p = 0.14, S0-S2: p = 0.58). Within S1 and S2, the CM and FGG groups displayed comparable tissue thickness reduction (CM: -0.32 ± 0.53 mm, FGG: -0.02 ± 0.21 mm; p = 0.07). The FGG group exhibited a significantly greater KT gain 24-months compared to the CM group (CM: 1.50 ± 1.14 mm, FGG: 4.04 ± 1.65 mm; p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

CM and FGG were associated with comparable three-dimensional thickness changes over a period of 24 months. A significantly wider KT band could be established in the FGG group.

目的

比较猪源胶原基质（CM）和游离牙龈移植物（FGG）在 24 个月的随访期内增加种植体角化组织（KT）的三维变化。

材料和方法

本回顾性研究纳入了 25 名患者，共 41 个种植体角化组织宽度不足（即<2mm）的患者，他们接受了软组织增量术，使用 CM（11 名患者/15 个种植体）或 FGG（14 名患者/26 个种植体）。主要结局是治疗后种植体部位组织厚度的变化（mm），包括 1 个月（S0）、12 个月（S1）和 24 个月（S2）。次要结局是 24 个月随访期间 KT 宽度的变化。

结果

从 S0 到 S1 和从 S0 到 S2 的三维分析显示，CM 组的组织厚度平均减少了-0.05±0.35mm 和-0.31±0.41mm，FGG 组分别减少了-0.23±0.38mm 和-0.22±0.81mm，两组之间无显著差异（S0-S1：p=0.14，S0-S2：p=0.58）。在 S1 和 S2 时，CM 和 FGG 组的组织厚度减少相当（CM：-0.32±0.53mm，FGG：-0.02±0.21mm；p=0.07）。与 CM 组相比，FGG 组在 24 个月时的 KT 获得明显更大（CM：1.50±1.14mm，FGG：4.04±1.65mm；p<0.001）。