Vassallo Edith, Gatt Andre-Stefan, Grech Reuben, Capasso Serena, Caranci Ferdinando, Ugga Lorenzo
Medical Imaging Department, Mater Dei Hospital, Imsida MSD, Msida, 2090, Malta.
Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
Radiol Med. 2025 Jan;130(1):46-62. doi: 10.1007/s11547-024-01922-8. Epub 2024 Nov 12.
Hearing loss is the most common sensory impairment globally and can affect all ages. It can be classified into two categories, conductive and sensorineural, though both conditions may coexist. Various causes may be responsible for hearing loss including congenital, infectious, inflammatory and neoplastic. Imaging will help detect or exclude such causes and in combination with the medical history and clinical findings, enable the necessary treatment to be initiated. Imaging also provides an accurate pre-operative anatomical road map for the surgeons to ensure the best possible surgical outcomes. The aim of this educational review is to present a range of common and rare diseases causing hearing loss and provide a brief explanation of the best imaging modalities for each. It also discusses briefly some important anatomical variants which the radiologists should highlight in their report to help prevent inadvertent post-operative complications.
听力损失是全球最常见的感觉障碍，可影响所有年龄段。它可分为传导性和感音神经性两类，不过这两种情况可能同时存在。听力损失的原因多种多样，包括先天性、感染性、炎症性和肿瘤性。影像学检查有助于发现或排除这些病因，并结合病史和临床检查结果，启动必要的治疗。影像学检查还为外科医生提供准确的术前解剖路线图，以确保获得最佳手术效果。本教育综述的目的是介绍一系列导致听力损失的常见和罕见疾病，并简要解释针对每种疾病的最佳影像学检查方法。它还简要讨论了一些重要的解剖变异，放射科医生应在报告中突出这些变异，以帮助预防术后意外并发症。
