Grupo de Fitopatología y Biotecnología de Hongos - FITOBIOL, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores - CEPAVE, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata - UNLP, La Plata, Argentina.
Biomedica. 2024 Nov 6;44(4):552-563. doi: 10.7705/biomedica.7520.
Introduction. Aedes aegypti is an important vector of arboviral diseases like dengue among others. Traditional control strategies, such as the use of insecticides, have lost effectiveness due to the emergence of resistance in mosquito populations. Biological control and fungi applied for biocontrol are presented as viable and ecological alternatives. Objective. To evaluate in vitro pathogenicity of Trichoderma sp. isolates obtained from Urabá (Antioquia) on larvae of Ae. aegypti, and to determine the mean lethal concentration and mean lethal time of the most pathogenic isolate. Materials and methods. Using the sentinel larvae method of Ae. aegypti, fungi were isolated from water bodies in the Urabá region (Antioquia). The isolates were characterized morphologically and molecularly to determine their taxonomic identity. Pathogenicity tests were performed in vitro on Ae. aegypti larvae in the L2/L3 stages. Subsequently, a strain was selected to establish its mean lethal concentration and mean lethal time. Results. Trichoderma sp. strain AP-91 caused high mortality in larval populations of Ae. aegypti. We estimated a mean lethal concentration of 1.8 × 107 conidia/ml and a mean lethal time of 20.67 hours. Conclusion. The strain AP-91 showed potential for its use as biological control of Ae. aegypti, making it a suitable candidate for scale-up cultures applied to integrated vector management. This research suggests exploring compounds and enzymes produced by the AP-91 strain to understand better its pathogenicity.
埃及伊蚊是登革热等虫媒病毒病的重要传播媒介。由于蚊虫种群对杀虫剂产生了抗性，传统的控制策略（如使用杀虫剂）已经失去了效果。生物防治和真菌作为生物防治的应用提供了可行的生态替代方案。目的：评估从安蒂奥基亚的乌拉巴地区获得的木霉属分离株对埃及伊蚊幼虫的体外致病性，并确定最具致病性分离株的平均致死浓度和平均致死时间。材料和方法：使用埃及伊蚊的哨兵幼虫法，从乌拉巴地区（安蒂奥基亚）的水体中分离出真菌。对分离株进行形态学和分子特征鉴定，以确定其分类学身份。在 L2/L3 阶段对埃及伊蚊幼虫进行体外致病性试验。随后，选择一株建立其平均致死浓度和平均致死时间。结果：木霉属菌株 AP-91 对埃及伊蚊幼虫种群具有高致死率。我们估计平均致死浓度为 1.8×107 个分生孢子/ml，平均致死时间为 20.67 小时。结论：菌株 AP-91 显示出对埃及伊蚊进行生物防治的潜力，使其成为适用于综合病媒管理的规模化培养的候选菌株。本研究建议探索 AP-91 菌株产生的化合物和酶，以更好地了解其致病性。
