Hoffmann S O
Z Psychosom Med Psychoanal. 1986;32(1):8-26.
This paper tries to trace back the contribution of John Bowlby to the concept of development of psychic disorders. The characteristic features of Bowlby's conception, which centers around the preservation and impairment of the behavioural system "attachment", are presented and their origins especially from psychoanalysis, biology and ethology are shown. This research study was initiated by the psychoanalytic criticism of John Bowlby's positions, and one of its aims is to clarify their concordance with or deviation from psychoanalysis. Finally clinical contributions of Bowlby are presented which are scarcely known in Germany (for instance the discrimination of phobia and pseudophobia). In trying to appreciate the significance of Bowlby for the further scientific development of psychoanalysis an important task is assigned to him, since he insists in providing evidence of those psychoanalytic theories he applies.
本文试图追溯约翰·鲍尔比（John Bowlby）对精神障碍发展概念的贡献。文中呈现了鲍尔比概念的特征，其核心围绕行为系统“依恋”的维持与损害，并展示了这些特征的起源，尤其是来自精神分析、生物学和动物行为学方面的起源。这项研究是由对约翰·鲍尔比观点的精神分析批评引发的，其目的之一是阐明这些观点与精神分析的契合或偏离之处。最后介绍了鲍尔比在临床上的贡献，这些贡献在德国鲜为人知（例如对恐惧症和假性恐惧症的区分）。在试图理解鲍尔比对精神分析进一步科学发展的重要性时，一项重要任务被赋予了他，因为他坚持为自己应用的那些精神分析理论提供证据。
