Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Fern Barrow, Poole, BH12 5BB, UK.
Department of Psychological Sciences, School of Natural and Social Sciences, University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham, GL50 4AZ, UK.
Cogn Res Princ Implic. 2024 Nov 13;9(1):76. doi: 10.1186/s41235-024-00603-4.
The interplay between facial age and facial identity is evident from several scenarios experienced in daily life, such as when recognising a face several decades after the last exposure. However, the link between age and identity processing, and how age perception abilities might diverge in individuals with different face processing abilities, has scarcely been considered. Furthermore, the approach used to test age perception ability may also influence outcome, but the effect of different paradigms on performance is not yet known. Across three studies, we compare super-recognisers (SRs), people with developmental prosopagnosia (DPs), and a group of neurotypical controls, on three age perception paradigms. There were no differences on the numeric age estimation task (i.e. providing precise age estimates for a series of faces; Study 1), and numeric age estimation task with added noise-distortion to stimuli (Study 2). However, SRs were more accurate when instructed to classify ambient faces as either over- or under- the age of 18 compared to both DPs and controls (Study 3). Thus, there may be nuanced differences in age processing which can be tapped into using separate paradigms; however, given that the difference is only with SRs it remains unclear to what extent these are linked to facial identity processing.
从日常生活中的几个场景中可以明显看出面部年龄与面部身份之间的相互作用,例如在最后一次接触几十年后识别出一张脸。然而,年龄与身份处理之间的联系,以及具有不同面部处理能力的个体的年龄感知能力如何出现差异,几乎没有被考虑到。此外,用于测试年龄感知能力的方法也可能会影响结果,但不同范式对表现的影响尚不清楚。在三项研究中,我们比较了超级识别者(SRs)、发展性面孔失认症(DPs)患者和一组神经典型对照组,在三个年龄感知范式上的表现。在数字年龄估计任务(即对一系列面孔提供精确的年龄估计;研究 1)和对刺激物添加噪声失真的数字年龄估计任务(研究 2)上,没有差异。然而,与 DPs 和对照组相比,当被指示将环境面孔分类为 18 岁以上或以下时,SRs 的准确性更高(研究 3)。因此,年龄处理可能存在细微差异,可以通过使用单独的范式来挖掘;然而,鉴于这种差异仅存在于 SRs 中,尚不清楚这些差异在多大程度上与面部身份处理有关。