Zhou Zehui, Guo Kelei, Guo Siqiang, Chen Lang
School of Physical Education and Health, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China.
Front Psychol. 2024 Oct 29;15:1453675. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1453675. eCollection 2024.
Physical exercise is an important way for college students to keep healthy, and social adaptation is an important part of college students' mental health. Therefore, this study explores strategies to enhance college students' social adaptation from the perspective of physical exercise, examining the correlation between physical exercise and college students' social adaptation, and delving into the roles of self-esteem and peer attachment in this relationship.
A stratified cluster sampling method was used to collect data from 809 college students at Zhaoqing University (average age 19.88 ± 1.22, of whom 399 were male and 410 were female) using the physical exercise scale, college students' social adaptation scale, self-esteem scale, and peer attachment scale. For data analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and bias-corrected percentile bootstrap methods were sequentially performed.
(1) Physical exercise was positively correlated with college students' social adaptation ( = 0.58, < 0.01), and the direct path between physical exercise and college students' social adaptation was significant ( = 0.28, < 0.01, CI[0.22, 0.33]); (2) Physical exercise was positively correlated with self-esteem ( = 0.56, < 0.01, CI[0.50, 0.62]) and peer attachment ( = 0.18, < 0.01, CI[0.11, 0.26]); self-esteem was positively correlated with peer attachment ( = 0.36, < 0.01, CI[0.28, 0.43]) and college students' social adaptation (β = 0.43, p < 0.01, CI[0.37, 0.49]); peer attachment was positively correlated with college students' social adaptation ( = 0.18, < 0.01, CI[0.12, 0.23]); (3) The relationship between physical exercise and social adaptation was not only mediated independently by self-esteem and peer attachment, but also indirectly by the same two factors in a chain reaction.
Physical exercise can not only directly predict college students' social adaptation, but also indirectly predict college students' social adaptation through the independent mediation and chain mediation of self-esteem and peer attachment. It reveals that we should combine more important physical exercise with mental health education for students.
体育锻炼是大学生保持健康的重要方式，社会适应是大学生心理健康的重要组成部分。因此，本研究从体育锻炼的角度探索提高大学生社会适应能力的策略，考察体育锻炼与大学生社会适应能力之间的相关性，并深入探讨自尊和同伴依恋在这种关系中的作用。
采用分层整群抽样方法，运用体育锻炼量表、大学生社会适应量表、自尊量表和同伴依恋量表，对肇庆学院809名大学生（平均年龄19.88±1.22岁，其中男生399名，女生410名）进行数据收集。数据分析依次采用Pearson相关分析、结构方程模型和偏差校正百分位Bootstrap方法。
（1）体育锻炼与大学生社会适应能力呈正相关（r = 0.58，p < 0.01），体育锻炼与大学生社会适应能力之间的直接路径显著（β = 0.28，p < 0.01，CI[0.22, 0.33]）；（2）体育锻炼与自尊呈正相关（r = 0.56，p < 0.01，CI[0.50, 0.62]），与同伴依恋呈正相关（r = 0.18，p < 0.01，CI[0.11, 0.26]）；自尊与同伴依恋呈正相关（r = 0.36，p < 0.01，CI[0.28, 0.43]），与大学生社会适应能力呈正相关（β = 0.43，p < 0.01，CI[0.37, 0.49]）；同伴依恋与大学生社会适应能力呈正相关（r = 0.18，p < 0.01，CI[0.12, 0.23]）；（3）体育锻炼与社会适应能力之间的关系不仅由自尊和同伴依恋独立中介，而且由这两个因素以连锁反应的方式间接中介。
体育锻炼不仅能直接预测大学生的社会适应能力，还能通过自尊和同伴依恋的独立中介和连锁中介间接预测大学生的社会适应能力。这表明我们应该将更重要的体育锻炼与学生的心理健康教育相结合。
