Minich David J, Marrow Judilee C, Sadar Miranda J, Borsdorf Michelle C
1Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL.
2Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2024 Nov 13;263(2):193-198. doi: 10.2460/javma.24.07.0460. Print 2025 Feb 1.
To describe the outcome of common medical therapies, intraoral dental procedures, extraoral surgical interventions, and resulting complications of treatment in client-owned rabbits diagnosed with dental disease.
The medical records of 51 client-owned domestic rabbits presenting for veterinary care and management of dental disease from 2013 to 2023 at 2 veterinary teaching hospitals were reviewed.
Of the patients managed with coronal reduction and occlusal adjustment, none developed significant complications. Of the patients that required intraoral dental extractions, 41% developed postprocedural complications, including incomplete tooth extraction. Following periapical infection and the formation of an odontogenic abscess for which surgical intervention was implemented, 25% of patients developed complications, including abscess recurrence and sepsis. Meloxicam was the most frequently prescribed analgesic medication for all procedures reviewed. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole combination oral suspension was the most frequently prescribed antibiotic following coronal reduction, occlusal adjustment, and dental extractions, and parenteral penicillin G procaine was the most frequently prescribed antibiotic following periapical infection-related interventions. Seven patients had documentation of natural death or humane euthanasia secondary to progressive dental disease.
The risk of postprocedural complications during the management of dental disease must be considered and discussed given the high rate of potential complications.
With the increasing popularity of rabbits as companion animals, dental disease is considered one of the most common reasons for veterinary care in this species. Rabbits undergoing intraoral dental procedures and extraoral surgical interventions for the treatment of acquired and progressive dental disease are at risk of developing adverse postprocedural sequelae that must be considered before attempting intervention. This report adds to the growing body of scientific literature related to the management of this challenging disease process.
描述经诊断患有牙齿疾病的宠物兔接受常见药物治疗、口腔内牙科手术、口腔外外科干预及治疗后并发症的情况。
回顾了2013年至2023年期间在两家兽医教学医院接受兽医护理和牙齿疾病管理的51只宠物家兔的病历。
接受牙冠缩减和咬合调整治疗的患者均未出现严重并发症。在需要进行口腔内拔牙的患者中，41%出现术后并发症，包括牙齿拔除不完全。在根尖感染并形成牙源性脓肿后实施手术干预，25%的患者出现并发症，包括脓肿复发和败血症。美洛昔康是所有接受审查的手术中最常开具的镇痛药物。在牙冠缩减、咬合调整和拔牙后，甲氧苄啶 - 磺胺甲恶唑复方口服混悬液是最常开具的抗生素，而在根尖感染相关干预后，普鲁卡因青霉素G是最常开具的抗生素。七只兔子有因进行性牙齿疾病导致自然死亡或实施安乐死的记录。
鉴于潜在并发症发生率较高，在牙齿疾病管理过程中必须考虑并讨论术后并发症的风险。
随着兔子作为伴侣动物越来越受欢迎，牙齿疾病被认为是该物种接受兽医护理的最常见原因之一。接受口腔内牙科手术和口腔外外科干预以治疗后天性和进行性牙齿疾病的兔子有发生不良术后后遗症的风险，在尝试干预之前必须予以考虑。本报告为有关这一具有挑战性疾病过程管理的科学文献增添了内容。
