Huong Pham Lan, Tuan Nguyen Tran
Faculty of Real Estate and Resources Economics, National Economics University, 207 Giai Phong, Hanoi, 113068, Viet Nam.
Heliyon. 2024 Oct 26;10(21):e39878. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39878. eCollection 2024 Nov 15.
Urbanization is one of the important features of socio-economic development and it has a major impact on the value of ecosystem services (ESV). This study aims to quantify ESV for the entire country of Vietnam with the research unit being 6 socio-economic regions. This can be considered the first study in Vietnam to quantify the ESV for the entire country. The study calculated the annual urban land growth index (AI) and the annual urban land expansion rate (AER) to determine the urbanization status in the six study areas. The study collected input data from JAXA for four years: 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020. Research results show that urban land area tended to increase and forest land area decreased sharply. The AI and AER indicated that the period 2000-2010 was a period of rapid growth in Vietnam. Meanwhile, the ESV for all of Vietnam increased year by year. The period 2000-2010 witnessed a growth in ESV about 2.35 times higher than the period 1990-2000, and about 0.1 % lower than the period 2010-2020. Overall, MKD was the region showing strong growth in ESV from 1990 to 2020. Compared to that, NMR was the region with the largest decline in the 20 years from 1990 to 2010, and CHR in the past 10 years. This research contributes to enriching reference sources for Vietnamese and world researchers to have a broader view of ESV as well as the annual urban growth rate in Vietnam from 1990 to 2020.
城市化是社会经济发展的重要特征之一，对生态系统服务价值（ESV）有重大影响。本研究旨在以越南6个社会经济区域为研究单元，对越南全国的生态系统服务价值进行量化。这可被视为越南首次对全国生态系统服务价值进行量化的研究。该研究计算了年度城市土地增长指数（AI）和年度城市土地扩张率（AER），以确定六个研究区域的城市化状况。研究收集了日本宇宙航空研究开发机构（JAXA）1990年、2000年、2010年和2020年这四年的输入数据。研究结果表明，城市土地面积呈增加趋势，而林地面积急剧减少。AI和AER表明，2000 - 2010年是越南快速增长的时期。与此同时，越南全国的生态系统服务价值逐年增加。2000 - 2010年期间生态系统服务价值的增长比1990 - 2000年期间高出约2.35倍，比2010 - 2020年期间低约0.1%。总体而言，湄公河三角洲地区（MKD）是1990年至2020年生态系统服务价值增长强劲的地区。相比之下，东北沿海地区（NMR）是1990年至2010年这20年中下降幅度最大的地区，而中部高地地区（CHR）是过去10年中下降幅度最大的地区。本研究有助于丰富越南和世界研究人员的参考资料，使其对越南1990年至2020年的生态系统服务价值以及年度城市增长率有更广泛的认识。
