Mazze R I, Fujinaga M, Rice S A, Harris S B, Baden J M
Anesthesiology. 1986 Mar;64(3):339-44. doi: 10.1097/00000542-198603000-00007.
A total of 305 timed-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed for 6 h a day on each of three consecutive days in one of three periods, i.e., pregnancy days 14-16, 11-13, or 8-10, either to 0.55 times the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of nitrous oxide (75%) or to 0.75 MAC of halothane (0.8%), isoflurane (1.05%) or enflurane (1.65%); an additional 232 positive-control (retinoic acid) and air control rats were studied. Reproductive indices were determined, and the 5178 offspring delivered at cesarean section were examined for external, internal, and skeletal abnormalities. There were no major or minor teratologic effects in anesthetic treated groups, although several developmental variants were observed in halothane- and enflurane-treated groups. Nitrous oxide exposure on days 14-16 resulted in a three-fold increase in fetal resorptions. The results suggest that the volatile anesthetics are not teratogenic and confirm that nitrous oxide may be associated with increased reproductive loss.
总共305只处于特定孕期的斯普拉格-道利大鼠，在三个连续日期中的某一天，每天暴露6小时，暴露期分别为妊娠第14 - 16天、11 - 13天或8 - 10天，分别暴露于0.55倍最低肺泡浓度（MAC）的氧化亚氮（75%）或0.75 MAC的氟烷（0.8%）、异氟烷（1.05%）或恩氟烷（1.65%）；另外还研究了232只阳性对照（视黄酸）和空气对照大鼠。测定了生殖指标，并对剖宫产分娩的5178只后代进行了外部、内部和骨骼异常检查。麻醉处理组未观察到主要或次要的致畸作用，尽管在氟烷和恩氟烷处理组中观察到了一些发育变异。在第14 - 16天暴露于氧化亚氮导致胎儿吸收增加了两倍。结果表明，挥发性麻醉剂不具有致畸性，并证实氧化亚氮可能与生殖损失增加有关。
