Department of Outpatient Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
Hyperbaric Oxygen, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
PLoS One. 2024 Nov 14;19(11):e0313634. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313634. eCollection 2024.
Examining mental health among nurses in the later stages of the COVID-19 pandemic could offer valuable information for addressing these symptoms in the long term. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the mental health and well-being of Chinese nurses, as well as investigate the impact of psychological flexibility and night shifts on this relationship.
In cross-sectional, hospital-based, multicenter study, 422 Chinese nurses were selected by multistage stratified cluster random sampling. The mental health status, psychological flexibility, and wellbeing were assessed via 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), Chinese version of Personalized Psychological Flexibility Index, and Chinese version of the 5-item WHO Well-Being Index, respectively. To examine the proposed theoretical model, we conducted structural equation modeling using SPSS Amos 26 version. The age, gender, night shift, psychological flexibility, mental health, and well-being data were entered into the model. Pearson correlation and chi-square were used to explore the correlation between variables.
The high night shifts, being young and low psychological flexibility significantly had a direct effect on worse mental health (night shifts: ES, 95% CI: 0.619, 0.328-0.725; age: ES, 95% CI: 0.542, 0.226-0.993; psychological flexibility: ES, 95% CI: 0.675, 0.369-1.466). The low psychological flexibility and worse mental health were able to directly effect on worse wellbeing (psychological flexibility: ES, 95% CI: 0.419, 0.757-1.519; mental health: ES, 95% CI: 0.719, 1.109-2.607). In addition, psychological flexibility through the mediation of mental health also had an indirect effect on wellbeing (ES, 95% CI: 0.269, 0.957-2.165).
Being young, having more night shifts and having less psychological flexibility can be related to the deterioration of mental health and well-being in nurses. Therefore, it is recommended that nurses use the shift routine program with the least focus on the night shifts. Also, interventions to teach younger nurses how to face work stress and interventions to improve the psychological flexibility of all nurses are needed.
在 COVID-19 大流行后期检查护士的心理健康状况，可以为长期解决这些症状提供有价值的信息。因此，本研究旨在评估中国护士的心理健康和幸福感，并探讨心理灵活性和夜班对这种关系的影响。
采用横断面、基于医院的多中心研究，采用多阶段分层聚类随机抽样方法选取 422 名中国护士。采用 12 项一般健康问卷（GHQ-12）、中文版个人化心理灵活性指数和 5 项世界卫生组织幸福感量表分别评估心理健康状况、心理灵活性和幸福感。采用 SPSS Amos 26 版结构方程模型检验提出的理论模型。将年龄、性别、夜班、心理灵活性、心理健康和幸福感数据输入模型。采用 Pearson 相关和卡方检验探索变量之间的相关性。
高夜班、年轻和低心理灵活性显著对较差的心理健康有直接影响（夜班：ES，95%CI：0.619，0.328-0.725；年龄：ES，95%CI：0.542，0.226-0.993；心理灵活性：ES，95%CI：0.675，0.369-1.466）。低心理灵活性和较差的心理健康状况能够直接影响较差的幸福感（心理灵活性：ES，95%CI：0.419，0.757-1.519；心理健康：ES，95%CI：0.719，1.109-2.607）。此外，心理灵活性通过心理健康的中介作用对幸福感也有间接影响（ES，95%CI：0.269，0.957-2.165）。
年轻、夜班多和心理灵活性低与护士心理健康和幸福感恶化有关。因此，建议护士采用最少关注夜班的轮班常规方案。还需要针对年轻护士的工作压力应对方法的干预措施，以及针对所有护士提高心理灵活性的干预措施。
