Medical Biology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
LMI Drug Resistance In Southeast Asia, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2024 Nov 14;18(11):e0012652. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012652. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Melioidosis is a neglected tropical disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, endemic to Southeast Asia and Northern Australia. Despite its increasing global public health and clinical significance, the molecular epidemiology of melioidosis and genetic diversity of B. pseudomallei in Cambodia remains poorly understood. This study aims to elucidate the genetic diversity and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of B. pseudomallei isolates responsible for melioidosis in humans. For this purpose, 14 clinical isolates cryopreserved at the Medical Biology Laboratory at Institut Pasteur du Cambodge from 2016 to 2020 were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing and Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST). Phenotypic testing revealed that 92.86% (13/14) of the isolates were sensitive to all tested antibiotics, while one isolate exhibited resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. MLST analysis resolved our isolates into 14 unique Sequence Types (STs), including 10 previously documented in Southeast Asia. Notably, ST1858, ST2064, ST2065, and ST2066 were identified as novel STs, while ST54, ST99, ST211, and ST1359 were reported in Cambodia for the first time in this study. Comparing our MLST data with available sequences on PubMLST (n = 165), our study unveiled a high genetic diversity of B. pseudomallei in Cambodia. The identified STs were closely associated with isolates from other Southeast Asian countries, particularly Thailand, Vietnam, and Malaysia. In conclusion, this study provided insight into the genetic diversity among B. pseudomallei clinical isolates in Cambodia and their close genetic association with Southeast Asian isolates. To further our understanding, a One Health approach, incorporating human, environmental (mainly soil), and animal compartments, is essential to decipher the epidemiology of B. pseudomallei in Cambodia.
类鼻疽是由类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌引起的被忽视的热带病，流行于东南亚和澳大利亚北部。尽管类鼻疽的全球公共卫生和临床意义日益增加，但柬埔寨类鼻疽病和类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌的分子流行病学及其遗传多样性仍知之甚少。本研究旨在阐明引起柬埔寨人类类鼻疽病的类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌分离株的遗传多样性和抗生素敏感性谱。为此，对 2016 年至 2020 年保存在柬埔寨巴斯德研究所医学生物学实验室的 14 株临床冷冻保存分离株进行了抗生素药敏试验和多位点序列分型（MLST）。表型试验显示，92.86%（13/14）的分离株对所有测试抗生素均敏感，而 1 株分离株对甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑耐药。MLST 分析将我们的分离株分为 14 个独特的序列型（ST），其中 10 个是在东南亚发现的。值得注意的是，ST1858、ST2064、ST2065 和 ST2066 被鉴定为新的 ST，而 ST54、ST99、ST211 和 ST1359 则是本研究首次在柬埔寨报道。将我们的 MLST 数据与 PubMLST 上可用的序列（n=165）进行比较，本研究揭示了柬埔寨类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌的高度遗传多样性。鉴定的 ST 与来自其他东南亚国家，特别是泰国、越南和马来西亚的分离株密切相关。总之，本研究为柬埔寨类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌临床分离株的遗传多样性及其与东南亚分离株的密切遗传相关性提供了深入了解。为了进一步了解，需要采用一种健康综合方法，将人类、环境（主要是土壤）和动物群体结合起来，以破译柬埔寨类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌的流行病学。
