Kohzadi Shadi, Müller Alexandra, Österlund Heléne, Viklander Maria
Urban Water Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden.
Chemosphere. 2024 Nov;368:143741. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143741. Epub 2024 Nov 17.
Biocides are incorporated into building surface materials to protect them against algae and fungi growth. When such treated surfaces are exposed to precipitation, they may release these biocides, contaminating receiving water bodies. To regulate the use of biocidal products in line with the European Biocidal Products Regulation it is crucial to identify the precise origin of this type of pollutant. In this study, the leaching of a wide range of biocides and chemical elements from 15 materials was investigated through a laboratory scale experiment. The experimental setup was based on the standard method, SIS-CEN/TS 16637-2:2015. The materials tested included bitumen roofing felt and shingles, impregnated wood, as well as paints intended for concrete, wood, and metal surfaces. Each material was tested in duplicates. All materials were tested at a liquid volume to surface area ratio (L/A) of 22.5 L/m. Sampling was carried out at three intervals: 6 h, 18 h, and 5 days with the leachant being renewed after each leaching step. The results were that diuron was the most commonly detected biocide from the materials tested. The largest number of biocides, including diuron and its degradation products 1-(3.4-dichlorophenyl) urea (DCPU) and diuron desdimethyl (DCPMU), terbutryn, carbendazim and monuron, were detected in the wood paints. Diuron was detected in all three types of wood paint with a mean areal release ratio of 64.6, 25800, and 5710 μg/m for the respective paints. Copper was detected in all leachates from impregnated wood, with mean concentrations of 687, 648, 1450, and 279 μg/L from the four tested wood types, respectively. Some of the biocides released were not reported on the data sheets of the tested materials, indicating a need to investigate broader than only based on the information provided by the manufacturers. Future use of biocides in building surface materials may change due to regulations, phase outs and introduction of new biocides, indicating that source identifications is a continuing effort.
杀生剂被添加到建筑表面材料中，以防止藻类和真菌生长。当这些经过处理的表面暴露在降水之下时，它们可能会释放出这些杀生剂，从而污染受纳水体。为了根据《欧洲杀生剂产品法规》对杀生剂产品的使用进行监管，确定这类污染物的确切来源至关重要。在本研究中，通过实验室规模的实验，对15种材料中多种杀生剂和化学元素的浸出情况进行了调查。实验装置基于标准方法SIS-CEN/TS 16637-2:2015。测试的材料包括沥青油毡和屋面板、浸渍木材以及用于混凝土、木材和金属表面的涂料。每种材料均进行了两次测试。所有材料均在液体体积与表面积之比（L/A）为22.5 L/m²的条件下进行测试。在三个时间间隔进行采样：6小时、18小时和5天，每次浸出步骤后更换浸出液。结果显示，敌草隆是测试材料中最常检测到的杀生剂。在木器漆中检测到的杀生剂种类最多，包括敌草隆及其降解产物1-(3,4-二氯苯基)脲（DCPU）和去二甲基敌草隆（DCPMU）、特丁净、多菌灵和灭草隆。在所有三种木器漆中均检测到了敌草隆，各自的平均面积释放率分别为64.6、25800和5710 μg/m²。在浸渍木材的所有浸出液中均检测到了铜，四种测试木材类型的平均浓度分别为687、648、1450和279 μg/L。一些释放出的杀生剂未在测试材料的数据表中报告，这表明需要进行比仅基于制造商提供的信息更广泛的调查。由于法规、淘汰和新杀生剂的引入，未来建筑表面材料中杀生剂的使用可能会发生变化，这表明来源识别是一项持续的工作。
