Institut de Recherche en Sciences de La Santé (IRSS), Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro (CRUN), Nanoro, Burkina Faso.
Ministry of Health of Burkina Faso: Permanent Secretary for Malaria Elimination (SP/Palu), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Parasitol Res. 2024 Nov 15;123(11):383. doi: 10.1007/s00436-024-08380-1.
Asymptomatic carriers of Plasmodium falciparum represent important parasite reservoirs maintaining malaria transmission in the community. This study aimed on the one hand to screen the other household members living with children under seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) coverage in order to determine the level of malaria infection in this population and on the other hand to determine the appropriate type of rapid diagnostic test (RDT) for this screening to detect these asymptomatic carriers in the community. During the 2022 SMC campaign (July to October), a cross-sectional survey was carried out in 745 participants who were screened by ultrasensitive rapid diagnostic test (usRDT), standard rapid diagnostic test (rRDT) and microscopy. Out of them, 395 had microscopy results available and were included in the data analysis. The prevalence of asymptomatic carriers of asexual forms of Plasmodium falciparum was 26.58% (105/395) while sexual forms were found in 5.32% (21/395) of the study population. Children from 5 to 15 years had the highest prevalence of P. falciparum asexual forms 35.76% (59/165) compared with older participants. Malaria positivity rate for rRDT and usRDT was 29.40% (219/745) and 40.49% (305/745) respectively. The usRDT had a higher sensitivity than the rRDT (72.38% (95% CI 62.8-80.66) vs. 60.95% (95% CI 50.94-70.33)). In terms of specificity, rRDT had a higher specificity 82.41% (95% CI 77.53-86.62) versus 69.66% (95% CI 64.01-74.89) for usRDT. This study reports a high prevalence of parasite carriers in household members of children under SMC coverage in Nanoro, Burkina Faso. In conclusion, usRDT seems more appropriate for strategies based on detection and treatment of parasite carriers within the community.
无症状的恶性疟原虫携带者是维持社区疟疾传播的重要寄生虫储存宿主。本研究一方面旨在筛查接受季节性疟疾化学预防（SMC）覆盖的儿童的其他同住家庭成员，以确定该人群中的疟疾感染水平；另一方面，确定适当的快速诊断检测（RDT）类型，以便在社区中检测这些无症状携带者。在 2022 年 SMC 活动期间（7 月至 10 月），对 745 名参与者进行了横断面调查，他们接受了超敏快速诊断检测（usRDT）、标准快速诊断检测（rRDT）和显微镜检查。其中，395 人有显微镜检查结果，纳入数据分析。恶性疟原虫无性体携带者的患病率为 26.58%（105/395），而有性体的患病率为 5.32%（21/395）。5 至 15 岁的儿童感染恶性疟原虫无性体的患病率最高，为 35.76%（59/165），高于其他年龄组。rRDT 和 usRDT 的疟疾阳性率分别为 29.40%（219/745）和 40.49%（305/745）。usRDT 的敏感性高于 rRDT（72.38%（95%CI 62.8-80.66）vs. 60.95%（95%CI 50.94-70.33））。特异性方面，rRDT 的特异性高于 usRDT，分别为 82.41%（95%CI 77.53-86.62）和 69.66%（95%CI 64.01-74.89）。本研究报告了布基纳法索纳罗尔接受 SMC 覆盖的儿童的同住家庭成员中寄生虫携带者的高患病率。总之，usRDT 似乎更适合基于社区内寄生虫携带者的检测和治疗的策略。
