Xu Mengze, Qin Zhaoquan, Chen Zhichao, Wang Shichao, Peng Liang, Li Xiaoli, Yuan Zhen
Center for Cognition and Neuroergonomics, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, People's Republic of China.
Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR 999078, People's Republic of China.
Discov Nano. 2024 Nov 14;19(1):183. doi: 10.1186/s11671-024-04131-4.
Brain cancer pose significant life-threats by destructively invading normal brain tissues, causing dysneuria, disability and death, and its therapeutics is limited by underdosage and toxicity lying in conventional drug delivery that relied on passive delivery. The application of nanorobots-based drug delivery systems is an emerging field that holds great potential for brain cancer active targeting and controllable treatment. The ability of nanorobots to encapsulate, transport, and supply therapies directly to the lesion site through blood-brain barriers makes it possible to deliver drugs to hard-to-reach areas. In order to improve the efficiency of drug delivery and problems such as precision and sustained release, nanorobots are effectively realized by converting other forms of energy into propulsion and motion, which are considered as high-efficiency methods for drug delivery. In this article, we described recent advances in the treatment of brain cancer with nanorobots mainly from three aspects: firstly, the development history and characteristics of nanorobots are reviewed; secondly, recent research progress of nanorobots in brain cancer is comprehensively investigated, like the driving mode and mechanism of nanorobots are described; thirdly, the potential translation of nanorobotics for brain diseases is discussed and the challenges and opportunities for future research are outlined.
脑癌通过破坏性地侵袭正常脑组织对生命构成重大威胁，导致神经功能障碍、残疾和死亡，其治疗受到传统被动给药方式剂量不足和毒性的限制。基于纳米机器人的药物递送系统的应用是一个新兴领域，在脑癌的主动靶向和可控治疗方面具有巨大潜力。纳米机器人能够通过血脑屏障将治疗药物封装、运输并直接递送至病变部位，从而有可能将药物递送至难以到达的区域。为了提高药物递送效率以及解决精准度和缓释等问题，通过将其他形式的能量转化为推进力和运动来有效实现纳米机器人，这被认为是高效的药物递送方法。在本文中，我们主要从三个方面阐述了纳米机器人治疗脑癌的最新进展：首先，回顾了纳米机器人的发展历程和特点；其次，全面研究了纳米机器人在脑癌治疗中的最新研究进展，如描述了纳米机器人的驱动模式和机制；第三，讨论了纳米机器人技术在脑部疾病治疗中的潜在转化，并概述了未来研究面临的挑战和机遇。
