Wang Xia, Feng Yaning, Tang Jianing, Dai Zhongbin, Zhao Wei
Yunnan Key Laboratory of Unmanned Autonomous System, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650504, China.
School of Electrical and Information Technology, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650504, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 14;14(1):28058. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-79323-0.
Multi-constraint UAV path planning problems can be viewed as many-objective optimization problems that can be solved by meta-heuristic algorithms with good self-organizing optimization capabilities. However, such algorithms mostly use random initializing methods, resulting in low-quality initial paths that reduce the efficiency of subsequent algorithmic searches. Moreover, as the number of objective functions increases, meta-heuristic algorithms face inadequate selection pressure and convergence capability, which lead to poor solution. In order to address these issues, this paper proposes a UAV path planning method based on the framework of multi-objective jellyfish search algorithm (UMOJS). Firstly, an initializing strategy based on Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (RRT) is proposed to achieve higher quality initial paths. Secondly, a jellyfish updating strategy guided by the class-optimal individual is designed to enhance the convergence ability of the algorithm. Furthermore, a set of predefined reference points is imported to obtain Pareto optimal solutions with better convergence and distribution in many-objective optimization problems. To evaluate the superiority of the proposed UMOJS algorithm, three different difficulties of simulated flight environments are constructed to verify its performance. The experimental results show that UMOJS is not only able to gain more UAV paths with shorter length, but also more evenly distributed Pareto optimal solutions compared to five meta-heuristic algorithms when the constraint conditions are satisfied.
多约束无人机路径规划问题可被视为多目标优化问题,可通过具有良好自组织优化能力的元启发式算法来解决。然而,此类算法大多采用随机初始化方法,导致初始路径质量较低,降低了后续算法搜索的效率。此外,随着目标函数数量的增加,元启发式算法面临选择压力和收敛能力不足的问题,从而导致求解效果不佳。为了解决这些问题,本文提出了一种基于多目标水母搜索算法(UMOJS)框架的无人机路径规划方法。首先,提出了一种基于快速扩展随机树(RRT)的初始化策略,以获得更高质量的初始路径。其次,设计了一种由类最优个体引导的水母更新策略,以增强算法的收敛能力。此外,引入一组预定义的参考点,以便在多目标优化问题中获得具有更好收敛性和分布性的帕累托最优解。为了评估所提出的UMOJS算法的优越性,构建了三种不同难度的模拟飞行环境来验证其性能。实验结果表明,在满足约束条件时,与五种元启发式算法相比,UMOJS不仅能够获得更多长度较短的无人机路径,而且还能获得分布更均匀的帕累托最优解。