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甘蔗宿根衰退与根际生态因子密切相关。

Close correlation between sugarcane ratoon decline and rhizosphere ecological factors.

机构信息

Key Laboratory for the Green and Efficient Production Technology of Sugarcane, Guangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Laibin, China.

Institute of Analysis and Testing, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology (Beijing Center for Physical & Chemical Analysis), Beijing, China.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 15;14(1):20738. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-70613-1.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-024-70613-1
PMID:39548086
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11568144/
Abstract

Rhizosphere ecological factors that affect sugarcane ratoons are crucial components in the feedback mechanisms between the sugarcane plant and soil environment. However, systematic investigations on these dynamics are lacking. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between sugarcane ratoon decline and rhizosphere ecological factors. In first-year sugarcane ratoons, ecological factors such as soil available potassium content, soil nitrogen fixation, and soil peroxidase activity were significantly positively correlated with sugarcane growth (P < 0.05) compared to that of third-year sugarcane ratoons. Significant intergroup disparities in the rhizosphere soil microbial community structure were observed based on different ratoon ages (P < 0.01), while highly significant intergroup differences in endophytic microbial community structure were observed based on a Jaccard distance analysis (P < 0.01). Generalised additive model analysis revealed a significant positive correlation (P < 0.05) between sugarcane growth properties and the alpha diversity of rhizosphere soil bacteria and endophytic bacteria but a predominantly negative correlation (P > 0.05) between the alpha diversity of endophytic fungi and key sugarcane growth indicators. The deterioration of mainly non-microbial ecological factors in rhizosphere soil (P < 0.05) with increasing ratoon age may represent a significant factor contributing to sugarcane ratoon decline. The fungal community significantly impacted soil enzyme activity, while the microbial community indirectly influenced sugarcane yield through its effect on soil enzyme activity. Therefore, endophytic fungi, particularly Ascomycota species, may play a crucial role in sugarcane diseases.

摘要

影响甘蔗宿根的根际生态因子是甘蔗植株与土壤环境之间反馈机制的重要组成部分。然而，这些动态变化的系统研究还很缺乏。因此，本研究调查了甘蔗宿根衰退与根际生态因子之间的关系。在一年生甘蔗宿根中，与第三年甘蔗宿根相比，土壤有效钾含量、土壤固氮和土壤过氧化物酶活性等生态因子与甘蔗生长呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。不同宿根年限的根际土壤微生物群落结构存在显著的组间差异（P<0.01），而基于 Jaccard 距离分析的根际内生微生物群落结构存在高度显著的组间差异（P<0.01）。广义加性模型分析显示，甘蔗生长特性与根际土壤细菌和内生细菌的α多样性呈显著正相关（P<0.05），但内生真菌的α多样性与关键甘蔗生长指标呈主要负相关（P>0.05）。随着宿根年限的增加，根际土壤中非微生物生态因子（P<0.05）的恶化可能是导致甘蔗宿根衰退的一个重要因素。真菌群落显著影响土壤酶活性，而微生物群落通过对土壤酶活性的影响间接影响甘蔗产量。因此，内生真菌，特别是子囊菌门物种，可能在甘蔗病害中发挥关键作用。

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