National Institute for Nutrition and Health of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beiing, China.
NHC Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China.
BMC Psychol. 2024 Nov 16;12(1):668. doi: 10.1186/s40359-024-02144-3.
Previous studies had found the effects of stress on eating behaviors. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of perceived stress on dietary quality by sexes in Chinese adults.
The study population consisted of individuals aged 18 to 59 years participating in the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Perceived stress levels were measured using the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), with scores ranging from 0 to 40. Dietary quality was evaluated by Chinese Dietary Guidelines Index (CDGI) ranging 0-110. Using a two-level mixed effects model with community as level 2 and individual as level 1, the study analyzed the impact of PSS-10 scores on CDGI. Additionally, a two-level mixed effects structural equation model was employed to explore the effects of distress factor scores and coping stressor factor scores on dietary quality among different sexes within the population.
This study involved in 2515 males and 3165 females, and the average age was 45.9 ± 9.6.The PSS-10 score and CDGI were 14.6 ± 5.1 and 44.8 ± 11.6, separately. After adjusting for confounders, there were no effects of PSS-10 score, distress factor score, and coping stressors factor score on CDGI in males. After adjusting for confounders, CDGI in the highest tertile of PSS-10 score group was 1.64 lower than that in the lowest tertile group in females(P = 0.001). The distress factor score was not associated with CDGI (standardized β=-0.164, P = 0.488), while the coping with stressors factor score was significantly negative with CDGI (standardized β=-0.834, P < 0.001) in females. CDGI in the highest tertile of coping with stressors factor score group was 4.36 lower than that in the lowest tertile group (P < 0.0001).
There was no association between perceived stress and dietary quality in adult males. The perceived stress, especially the insufficient capacity to cope with stressors, was negatively associated with dietary quality in adult females.
先前的研究发现压力对饮食行为有影响。本研究旨在探讨中国成年人中感知压力对膳食质量的影响。
研究人群为参加中国健康与营养调查的 18 至 59 岁个体。采用 10 项感知压力量表（PSS-10）测量感知压力水平，得分范围为 0 至 40。膳食质量用中国膳食指南指数（CDGI）评估，范围为 0-110。采用社区为二级、个体为一级的两水平混合效应模型，分析 PSS-10 评分对 CDGI 的影响。此外，采用两水平混合效应结构方程模型，探讨人群中不同性别中困扰因素评分和应对压力源因素评分对膳食质量的影响。
本研究共纳入 2515 名男性和 3165 名女性，平均年龄为 45.9±9.6。PSS-10 评分和 CDGI 分别为 14.6±5.1 和 44.8±11.6。调整混杂因素后，男性的 PSS-10 评分、困扰因素评分和应对压力源因素评分对 CDGI 均无影响。调整混杂因素后，女性 PSS-10 评分最高三分位组的 CDGI 比最低三分位组低 1.64（P=0.001）。困扰因素评分与 CDGI 无关（标准化β=-0.164，P=0.488），而应对压力源因素评分与 CDGI 呈显著负相关（标准化β=-0.834，P<0.001）。应对压力源因素评分最高三分位组的 CDGI 比最低三分位组低 4.36（P<0.0001）。
在成年男性中，感知压力与膳食质量之间没有关联。在成年女性中，感知压力，尤其是应对压力源的能力不足，与膳食质量呈负相关。
