Aguzzoli Nathalia Hoffmann Guarda, Bueno Ana Laura, Halezeroğlu Yağmur, Bonamigo Renan Rangel
Dermatology Department, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Dermatology Department, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
An Bras Dermatol. 2025 Jan-Feb;100(1):63-86. doi: 10.1016/j.abd.2024.05.004. Epub 2024 Nov 16.
Cancer is an important cause of morbidity and mortality after solid organ transplants. Skin cancer is the most prevalent non-lymphoid malignancy occurring during heart transplantation follow-up. Due to the complexity of immunosuppressive therapy and the high prevalence and incidence of skin cancer in this population, dermatologists play an important role in the short and long-term follow-up of heart transplant recipients.
The goal of this study is to present data from a systematic literature review focusing on the occurrence of skin cancer in patients who have undergone heart transplantation.
The authors conducted a systematic review of the literature in the EMBASE and PubMed databases from August to September 2021 to investigate the incidence of skin cancer in heart transplant patients. The authors selected retrospective and prospective cohort studies presenting data on the frequency of skin cancer in patients following heart transplantation. Exclusion criteria included articles that did not stratify the organ transplant type and studies that did not evaluate the frequency of skin cancer in the specific population.
Based on the search strategy, the authors found 2589 studies, out of which 37 were eligible for inclusion in this study. Provided data are from 20 different countries, over the period 1974 to 2015. Incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) ranges from 0.97% to 52.8%. The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) ranges from 1.19% to 89% and the incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) ranges from 2% to 63%. Malignant Melanoma (MM) incidence ranges from 0.94% to 4.6% STUDY LIMITATIONS: The analysis involved an exclusive focus on heart transplant patients, and the statistical analysis of the sample may have been hampered. The significant heterogeneity among the studies emerged as a challenge during the analysis of the results. Furthermore, the study is limited by variations in follow-up periods among the included studies.
Although gathering methodologically heterogeneous data, this systematic review was able to show the epidemiological importance of skin cancer in heart transplant patients. This study reinforces the important role dermatologists play in the short and long-term follow-up of heart transplant patients.
癌症是实体器官移植后发病和死亡的重要原因。皮肤癌是心脏移植随访期间最常见的非淋巴恶性肿瘤。由于免疫抑制治疗的复杂性以及该人群中皮肤癌的高患病率和发病率，皮肤科医生在心脏移植受者的短期和长期随访中发挥着重要作用。
本研究的目的是展示一项系统文献综述的数据，该综述聚焦于接受心脏移植患者的皮肤癌发生情况。
作者于2021年8月至9月对EMBASE和PubMed数据库中的文献进行了系统综述，以调查心脏移植患者皮肤癌的发病率。作者选择了回顾性和前瞻性队列研究，这些研究提供了心脏移植后患者皮肤癌发生频率的数据。排除标准包括未对器官移植类型进行分层的文章以及未评估特定人群中皮肤癌发生频率的研究。
基于检索策略，作者找到2589项研究，其中37项符合纳入本研究的条件。所提供的数据来自1974年至2015年期间的20个不同国家。非黑色素瘤皮肤癌（NMSC）的发病率在0.97%至52.8%之间。鳞状细胞癌（SCC）的发病率在1.19%至89%之间，基底细胞癌（BCC）的发病率在2%至63%之间。恶性黑色素瘤（MM）的发病率在0.94%至4.6%之间。研究局限性：该分析仅专注于心脏移植患者，样本的统计分析可能受到了阻碍。研究结果分析过程中出现的显著异质性是一个挑战。此外，该研究受到纳入研究随访期差异的限制。
尽管收集的数据在方法学上存在异质性，但这项系统综述能够显示皮肤癌在心脏移植患者中的流行病学重要性。本研究强化了皮肤科医生在心脏移植患者短期和长期随访中所起的重要作用。
