Bumphenkiatikul Thanapob, Hataiyusuk Somboon, Suwan Ammarin, Panyakhamlerd Krasean, Wainipitapong Sorawit
Division of Academic Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Center of Excellence in Transgender Health, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Int J Sex Health. 2024 Aug 2;36(4):529-537. doi: 10.1080/19317611.2024.2383966. eCollection 2024.
Our study aimed to assess perspectives of the Thai transgender adults toward three diagnostic criteria: 1) transsexualism (the World Health Organisation's International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, tenth revision; ICD-10), 2) gender incongruence (the International Classification of Diseases, eleventh revision; ICD-11), and 3) gender dysphoria (the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition; DSM-5). We also gathered comments and suggestions on these criteria for future refinement, especially specific to Thai sociocultural contexts.
During February to November 2023, we conducted a survey among transgender individuals from five major Thai transgender communities. Participants were requested to 1) indicate their agreement whether each criterion could describe their identity and be suitable for the Thai transgender community using ten-point Likert scales, 2) select three keywords from each criterion and one most appropriate criterion, and 3) provide additional suggestions.
A total of 266 transgender individuals, participated in the study (62.4% and 25.2% transgender men and women, and 12.4% other identities). Both ICD-10 and DSM-5 criteria received the highest levels of agreement, averaging scores of 8.7 across most categories. Suggestions for refining criteria included a sufficiently long duration, using terms indicating inclusivity of all identities as a person, and noting positive outcomes of transitioning within the criteria.
The DSM-5 criteria garnered the highest levels of agreement in terms of identity description and suitability for the Thai sociocultural contexts. Nonetheless, further refinement can be improved, especially to ensure the inclusivity of transgender individuals with identities beyond the binary.
我们的研究旨在评估泰国成年跨性别者对以下三种诊断标准的看法：1）易性癖（世界卫生组织《疾病和相关健康问题国际统计分类》第十版；ICD - 10），2）性别不一致（《国际疾病分类》第十一版；ICD - 11），以及3）性别焦虑症（《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第五版；DSM - 5）。我们还收集了关于这些标准未来完善的意见和建议，特别是针对泰国社会文化背景的。
在2023年2月至11月期间，我们对泰国五个主要跨性别群体中的跨性别者进行了一项调查。要求参与者：1）使用十点李克特量表表明他们是否同意每个标准能够描述他们的身份并适用于泰国跨性别群体，2）从每个标准中选择三个关键词以及一个最合适的标准，3）提供其他建议。
共有266名跨性别者参与了该研究（跨性别男性占62.4%，跨性别女性占25.2%，其他身份占12.4%）。ICD - 10和DSM - 5标准获得了最高程度的认同，大多数类别平均得分8.7。完善标准的建议包括足够长的持续时间、使用表明对所有人身份包容性的术语，以及在标准中提及转变的积极结果。
就身份描述和对泰国社会文化背景的适用性而言，DSM - 5标准获得了最高程度的认同。尽管如此，仍可进一步完善，特别是要确保对非二元身份跨性别者的包容性。
