Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Open Vet J. 2024 Sep;14(9):2475-2483. doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i9.36. Epub 2024 Sep 30.
The calabash ( L.) is a tropical fruit that offers numerous health benefits. Its fermented calabash (FC) has been found to affect the neurological system positively. However, its impact on hematology, clinical chemistry, and CD4+ and CD8+ levels has yet to be documented.
Therefore, this study aims to examine the effects of FC on hematology, clinical chemistry, and the levels of CD4+ and CD8+ in the circulatory system using rat models.
This study used twenty male Sprague Dawley rats. The rats were divided into group 1 (0 mg/kg BW FC), group 2 (50 mg/kg BW FC), group 3 (500 mg/kg BW FC), and group 4 (2,000 mg/kg BW FC). The treatment was administered using a gastric probe once daily for 14 days. On day 15, the blood samples were collected and tested against hematology, clinical chemistry, quality of the erythrocytes, and CD4+/CD8+. The data were then analysed using SPSS with -value at 0.05.
The conducted study demonstrated that the utilization of FC at varying doses did not have a significant impact on the hematological profile changes ( ≥ 0.05), except for total lymphocytes and a decrease in the neutrophils/lymphocytes (N/L) ratio ( ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, FC did not influence the changes in clinical chemistry, circulatory protein, and electrolyte levels in rat models compared to the control ( ≥ 0.05). The utilization of FC decreased the percentage of hemolysis and elevated the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration ( ≤ 0.05). Additionally, the use of FC led to a significant increase in CD4+ and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ ( ≤ 0.05), while no significant effect was observed regarding CD8+ ( ≥ 0.05).
The study highlighted FC's beneficial effects on the haemorheology and immune system, specifically on the decrease in the percentage of hemolysis, elevated ATP concentration, number of lymphocytes, ratio N/L, CD4+, and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio, without causing significant changes to the hematological and clinical chemistry profiles in rat models.
葫芦（L.）是一种热带水果，具有许多健康益处。已发现其发酵葫芦（FC）对神经系统有积极影响。然而，其对血液学、临床化学以及循环系统中 CD4+和 CD8+水平的影响尚未得到记录。
因此，本研究旨在使用大鼠模型检查 FC 对血液学、临床化学以及循环系统中 CD4+和 CD8+水平的影响。
本研究使用了 20 只雄性 Sprague Dawley 大鼠。大鼠分为 4 组：第 1 组（0mg/kg BW FC）、第 2 组（50mg/kg BW FC）、第 3 组（500mg/kg BW FC）和第 4 组（2000mg/kg BW FC）。每天通过胃探针给予一次治疗，共 14 天。在第 15 天，收集血液样本并进行血液学、临床化学、红细胞质量和 CD4+/CD8+测试。然后使用 SPSS 进行数据分析，显著性水平为 0.05。
研究表明，在不同剂量下使用 FC 对血液学特征变化没有显著影响（≥0.05），除了总淋巴细胞和中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞（N/L）比值降低（≤0.05）。此外，与对照组相比，FC 对大鼠模型中临床化学、循环蛋白和电解质水平的变化没有影响（≥0.05）。FC 的使用降低了溶血百分比并提高了三磷酸腺苷（ATP）浓度（≤0.05）。此外，FC 的使用导致 CD4+和 CD4+/CD8+比值显著增加（≤0.05），而 CD8+没有显著影响（≥0.05）。
该研究强调了 FC 对血液流变学和免疫系统的有益影响，特别是降低溶血百分比、提高 ATP 浓度、淋巴细胞数量、N/L 比值、CD4+和 CD4+/CD8+比值，而对大鼠模型的血液学和临床化学特征没有产生显著影响。
