Wright Avery, Hinson Madison, Davidson Amelia, Curtis Caitrin, Runyan Christopher
Department of Plastic Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr. 2024 Dec;17(4):NP242-NP248. doi: 10.1177/19433875241280214. Epub 2024 Sep 3.
Retrospective chart review.
Socioeconomic status (SES) greatly impacts one's health status and the type of trauma that a patient experiences due to increased risk of exposure and varying availability of resources to treat emergent conditions. There is a need for large-scale databases of pediatric facial trauma to identify discrepancies in occurrence and identify risk factors.
This retrospective examination uses a multi-center database to evaluate pediatric facial trauma patients (n = 644) visiting Atrium Heath Wake Forest Baptist (AHWFB) hospital from 2020 to 2022. Data collected included demographic information, past medical and surgical history, trauma history, interventions, and long-term outcomes such as scarring, deformities, and sensory or motor deficits. The number of incidents for each zip code surrounding AHWFB was compared with SES data including unemployment rate, mean household income, and poverty level.
Thirty-five percent of patients sustained a high-energy injury, and 65% sustained a low-energy injury. Within the surrounding counties of AHWFB, there were more incidents of pediatric facial trauma in areas with greater rates of poverty ( = 0.006). Additionally, there were more incidents due to high-energy injuries in areas with lower income ( = 0.044) and more poverty ( = 0.002). Specifically, motor vehicle accidents were more common in areas with lower income ( = 0.017) and more poverty ( = 0.001).
These findings in the central Piedmont region of North Carolina are consistent with previous research of SES's effect on health inequalities and serve as evidence of the need to take steps to prevent pediatric facial trauma in areas of low SES.
回顾性病历审查。
社会经济地位（SES）对一个人的健康状况以及患者因暴露风险增加和治疗紧急情况的资源可用性不同而经历的创伤类型有很大影响。需要大规模的儿科面部创伤数据库来识别发生率差异并确定风险因素。
这项回顾性研究使用多中心数据库评估2020年至2022年前往阿特里姆健康韦克福里斯特浸信会（AHWFB）医院的儿科面部创伤患者（n = 644）。收集的数据包括人口统计学信息、既往内科和外科病史、创伤史、干预措施以及诸如瘢痕形成、畸形和感觉或运动功能障碍等长期结果。将AHWFB周围每个邮政编码区域的事件数量与包括失业率、平均家庭收入和贫困水平在内的SES数据进行比较。
35%的患者遭受高能量损伤，65%遭受低能量损伤。在AHWFB周围的县内，贫困率较高的地区儿科面部创伤事件更多（P = 0.006）。此外，在收入较低（P = 0.044）和贫困程度较高（P = 0.002）的地区，高能量损伤导致的事件更多。具体而言，机动车事故在收入较低（P = 0.017）和贫困程度较高（P = 0.001）的地区更为常见。
北卡罗来纳州皮埃蒙特中部地区的这些发现与先前关于SES对健康不平等影响的研究一致，并证明有必要采取措施预防低SES地区的儿科面部创伤。
