Chen Pan, Voisin Dexter R, Jacobson Kristen C
University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Youth Soc. 2016 Jan;48(1):33-57. doi: 10.1177/0044118x13475827. Epub 2013 Feb 6.
This study examined whether promotive factors (future expectations, family warmth, school attachment, and neighborhood cohesion) moderated relationships between community violence exposure and youth delinquency. Analyses were conducted using = 2,980 sixth to eighth graders ( = 12.48; 41.1% males) from a racially, ethnically, and socioeconomically diverse sample. After controlling for demographic factors, delinquency was positively associated with community violence exposure and inversely associated with each of the promotive factors. When interaction effects between all promotive factors and community violence exposure were examined simultaneously, only future expectations moderated the relationship between community violence exposure and delinquency. Specifically, community violence exposure had a weaker association with delinquency for youth reporting high versus low levels of future expectations. Results indicate that while promotive factors from family, school, and neighborhood domains are related to lower rates of delinquency, only future expectations served as a protective factor that specifically buffered youth from the risk effects of community violence exposure.
本研究考察了促进因素（未来期望、家庭温暖、学校依恋和邻里凝聚力）是否调节了社区暴力暴露与青少年犯罪之间的关系。分析使用了来自种族、民族和社会经济背景多样的样本中的2980名六至八年级学生（平均年龄=12.48岁；41.1%为男性）。在控制了人口统计学因素后，犯罪行为与社区暴力暴露呈正相关，与各促进因素呈负相关。当同时考察所有促进因素与社区暴力暴露之间的交互作用时，只有未来期望调节了社区暴力暴露与犯罪之间的关系。具体而言，对于报告未来期望水平高与低的青少年，社区暴力暴露与犯罪之间的关联较弱。结果表明，虽然家庭、学校和邻里领域的促进因素与较低的犯罪率相关，但只有未来期望作为一种保护因素，特别缓冲了青少年免受社区暴力暴露的风险影响。
