Lu Tongtong, Khampang Pawjai, Beydoun Ahmed, Berezovsky Anna, Rohde Rebecca, Hong Wenzhou, Kerschner Joseph E, Yu Bing
Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Biomed Opt Express. 2024 Oct 14;15(11):6355-6369. doi: 10.1364/BOE.531815. eCollection 2024 Nov 1.
Endotracheal tube (ETT) intubation is a medical procedure routinely used for achieving mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients. Appropriate ETT placement is crucial as undetected tube migration may cause multiple complications or even fatalities. Therefore, prompt detection of unplanned movement of the ETT and immediate action to restore proper placement are essential to ensure patient safety. Despite this necessity, there is not a widely adopted tool for real-time assessment of ETT displacement. We have developed a device, a dual-camera endotracheal tube or DC-ETT, to address this unmet clinical need. This device uses a near-infrared (NIR) LED and a side-firing optical fiber embedded in the side of an ETT to light up the tracheal tissue and a visible and NIR camera module for the displacement detection. The NIR camera tracks the movement of the NIR pattern on the skin, while the visible camera is used to correct the body movements. The efficacy of the DC-ETT was assessed in two piglets with a linear displacement sensor as reference. A mean discrepancy of less than 0.5 mm between the DC-ETT and reference sensor was observed within a displacement range of ±15 mm. The results suggest that the DC-ETT can potentially provide a simple and cost-effective solution for real-time monitoring of ETT displacements in operating rooms, intensive care units, and emergency departments.
气管内插管(ETT)是一种常用于危重症患者机械通气的医疗程序。正确放置ETT至关重要,因为未被发现的导管移位可能会导致多种并发症甚至死亡。因此,及时检测ETT的意外移动并立即采取行动恢复正确放置对于确保患者安全至关重要。尽管有这种必要性,但目前尚无广泛采用的用于实时评估ETT移位的工具。我们开发了一种设备,即双摄像头气管内导管(DC-ETT),以满足这一未被满足的临床需求。该设备使用一个近红外(NIR)发光二极管和一根嵌入ETT侧面的侧射光纤来照亮气管组织,并使用一个可见光和近红外摄像头模块进行移位检测。近红外摄像头跟踪皮肤上近红外图案的移动,而可见光摄像头用于校正身体运动。以线性位移传感器为参考,在两只仔猪身上评估了DC-ETT的有效性。在±15毫米的位移范围内,DC-ETT与参考传感器之间的平均差异小于0.5毫米。结果表明,DC-ETT有可能为手术室、重症监护病房和急诊科的ETT移位实时监测提供一种简单且经济高效的解决方案。