Eimen Rachel, Scarpato Kristen R, Bowden Audrey K
Vanderbilt Biophotonics Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Biomed Opt Express. 2024 Oct 7;15(11):6228-6241. doi: 10.1364/BOE.539741. eCollection 2024 Nov 1.
Cystoscopic data can be used to improve bladder cancer care, but cystoscopic videos are cumbersome to review. Alternatively, cystoscopic video data can be preserved in the form of a 3D bladder reconstruction, which is both informative and convenient to review. Developing algorithms for 3D reconstruction is an iterative process and often requires access to clinical data. Unfortunately, the time and access constraints of the urology clinical workflow can inhibit this technical development. In this manuscript, we present a virtual cystoscopy simulator to enable the creation of realistic and customizable cystoscopy videos through the inclusion of motion blur and bladder debris. The user can induce motion blur at set points in the video by setting the cystoscope speed between 1 and 9 cm/s. We also introduce 12 models of bladder debris particles, each model of which has a different color, shape, or size. The user can add bladder debris to the virtual bladder by specifying which debris models to include, the density of the particles, defining the number of particles in the bladder, and whether debris is stationary or blurred and moving at a user-defined speed. This simulator can be used to generate a large collection of unique and realistic cystoscopy videos with characteristics defined by the user for their specific purpose, thereby assisting the development of novel technologies for clinical implementation.
膀胱镜检查数据可用于改善膀胱癌治疗，但膀胱镜检查视频回顾起来很麻烦。另外，膀胱镜检查视频数据可以以三维膀胱重建的形式保存，这种形式既信息丰富又便于回顾。开发三维重建算法是一个迭代过程，通常需要获取临床数据。不幸的是，泌尿外科临床工作流程的时间和获取数据的限制可能会阻碍这项技术的发展。在本手稿中，我们展示了一种虚拟膀胱镜模拟器，通过加入运动模糊和膀胱碎片来创建逼真且可定制的膀胱镜检查视频。用户可以通过将膀胱镜速度设置在1至9厘米/秒之间，在视频中的设定点处产生运动模糊。我们还引入了12种膀胱碎片颗粒模型，每种模型都有不同的颜色、形状或大小。用户可以通过指定要包含哪些碎片模型、颗粒密度、定义膀胱中的颗粒数量以及碎片是静止的还是模糊的并以用户定义的速度移动，将膀胱碎片添加到虚拟膀胱中。该模拟器可用于生成大量具有用户为其特定目的定义的特征的独特且逼真的膀胱镜检查视频，从而有助于开发用于临床应用的新技术。
