Deniz Elif Ulutaş, Yuca Hafize, Aydın Bilge, Öztürk Gözde, Çoban Furkan, Göger Gamze, Demirci Betül, Karakaya Songül
Department of Pharmacy Management, Faculty of Pharmacy Atatürk University Erzurum Turkey.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Atatürk University Erzurum Turkey.
Food Sci Nutr. 2024 Jul 21;12(9):6849-6863. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4352. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Garlic (Alliaceae), an annual herb, is renowned not only for its distinctive flavor but also for its extensive therapeutic applications in managing various ailments and health conditions. In this study, garlic products identified as the best-selling items in Turkish pharmacies for various purposes were compared with garlic grown under standard conditions in terms of chemical composition and antidiabetic, anticholinesterase, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. Three of garlic samples were prepared by researchers. According to survey results, the most commonly sold garlic-related products in pharmacies are black garlic extract tablets (4), capsules (5), garlic oil (6), garlic oil pearls (7), and fermented garlic (8). Diallyl disulfide (DADS) was identified as a predominant compound in sampled oils, ranging from 4.9% to 48.6%. Another noteworthy finding is the identification of allyl methyl disulfide and allyl methyl trisulfide as major components in sampled oils, with concentrations spanning from 2.9% to 9.8% and 0.4% to 17.5%, respectively. In both 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) tests, Sample 1 (fermented) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. Sample 3 (cultivated) was richer in total phenol-total tannin content. Sample 6 exhibited the highest α-glucosidase inhibition among antidiabetic activities, reaching 28.93%. Sample 5 capsules demonstrated the highest -amylase inhibition at 51.50%. Sample 7 exhibited the most notable inhibition against both acetylcholinesterase (22.92%) and butyrylcholinesterase (13.37%). Samples 3, 6, and 8 were found to be more effective against with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 625 μg/mL. A comprehensive study on garlic products, including popular items from Turkish pharmacies and those grown under standard conditions, revealed diverse chemical compositions and multifaceted health properties.
大蒜（蒜科）是一种一年生草本植物，不仅以其独特的风味而闻名，还因其在治疗各种疾病和健康状况方面的广泛治疗应用而著称。在本研究中，将土耳其药店中因各种用途而被确定为最畅销商品的大蒜产品，在化学成分以及抗糖尿病、抗胆碱酯酶、抗菌和抗氧化特性方面，与在标准条件下种植的大蒜进行了比较。研究人员制备了三种大蒜样品。根据调查结果，药店中最常销售的大蒜相关产品是黑蒜提取物片（4）、胶囊（5）、大蒜油（6）、大蒜油珍珠（7）和发酵大蒜（8）。二烯丙基二硫化物（DADS）被确定为采样油中的主要化合物，含量在4.9%至48.6%之间。另一个值得注意的发现是，烯丙基甲基二硫化物和烯丙基甲基三硫化物被确定为采样油中的主要成分，其浓度分别在2.9%至9.8%和0.4%至17.5%之间。在2,2'-联氮-双-（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）（ABTS）和2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）测试中，样品1（发酵）表现出最高的抗氧化活性。样品3（种植）的总酚-总单宁含量更高。样品6在抗糖尿病活性中表现出最高的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率，达到28.93%。样品5胶囊表现出最高的淀粉酶抑制率，为51.50%。样品7对乙酰胆碱酯酶（22.92%）和丁酰胆碱酯酶（13.37%）均表现出最显著的抑制作用。发现样品3、6和8对[此处原文缺失相关内容]更有效，最低抑菌浓度（MIC）=625μg/mL。一项对大蒜产品的综合研究，包括土耳其药店的热门产品和在标准条件下种植的产品，揭示了其多样的化学成分和多方面的健康特性。
