Liu Meixuan, Jiang Jing, Wang Yiran, Liu Huan, Lu Yiping, Wang Xingang
Department of Burns & Wound Care Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
Senior once Class 5, Shanghai Pinghe School, Shanghai, 200000, China.
Mater Today Bio. 2024 Oct 29;29:101321. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101321. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Wound healing is an ongoing concern for the medical community. The limitations of traditional dressings are being addressed by materials and manufacturing technology. Microneedles (MNs) are a novel type of drug delivery system that has been widely used in cancer therapy, dermatological treatment, and insulin and vaccine delivery. MNs locally penetrate necrotic tissue, eschar, biofilm and epidermis into deep tissues, avoiding the possibility of drug dilution and degradation and greatly improving administration efficiency with less pain. MNs represent a new direction for wound treatment and transdermal delivery. In this study, we summarise the skin wound healing process and the mechanical stimulation of MNs in the context of the wound healing process. We also introduce the structural design and manufacture of MNs. Subsequently, MNs are categorised according to the loaded drugs, where the design of the MNs according to the traumatic biological/biochemical microenvironment (pH, glucose, and bacteria) and the physical microenvironment (temperature, light, and ultrasound) is emphasised. Finally, the advantages of MNs are compared with traditional drug delivery systems and their prospects are discussed.
伤口愈合一直是医学界关注的问题。传统敷料的局限性正通过材料和制造技术来解决。微针是一种新型的药物递送系统，已广泛应用于癌症治疗、皮肤病治疗以及胰岛素和疫苗递送。微针可局部穿透坏死组织、焦痂、生物膜和表皮进入深部组织，避免了药物稀释和降解的可能性，并以较小的疼痛极大地提高了给药效率。微针代表了伤口治疗和透皮给药的新方向。在本研究中，我们总结了皮肤伤口愈合过程以及在伤口愈合过程中微针的机械刺激作用。我们还介绍了微针的结构设计和制造。随后，根据负载药物对微针进行分类，其中强调了根据创伤生物/生化微环境（pH值、葡萄糖和细菌）和物理微环境（温度、光和超声）对微针进行设计。最后，将微针与传统药物递送系统的优势进行了比较，并讨论了它们的前景。
