Malik Shaivy, V Shakthivel, Ahuja Sana, Ahluwalia Charanjeet
Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Surg Oncol. 2024 Dec;15(4):864-873. doi: 10.1007/s13193-024-02015-8. Epub 2024 Jul 6.
Invasive breast cancer (IBC) is a significant health concern globally, contributing to substantial morbidity and mortality among women. Dysregulated cellular proliferation, a hallmark of malignancy, involves molecular pathways modulated by proteins such as cyclin D1 and p16. Understanding their roles in IBC pathogenesis and their association with prognostic parameters is crucial for refining treatment strategies. This retrospective study included 50 female IBC patients who underwent modified radical mastectomy. Histopathological evaluation and immunohistochemical staining for cyclin D1 and p16 were conducted. Associations between protein expression and clinicopathological parameters were analyzed using statistical tests. Cyclin D1 was expressed in 76% of cases, significantly associated with lower tumor grade and lower Ki-67 proliferation index. It also correlated with luminal A/B molecular subtypes. p16 expression was observed in 48% of cases, significantly associated with higher tumor grade, higher Ki-67 index, and triple-negative/Her-2 neu-enriched subtypes. Co-expression of cyclin D1 and p16 was noted in 60% of cases. No significant association was found between protein expression and other parameters. Cyclin D1 and p16 exhibit potential as prognostic markers in IBC. Cyclin D1 expression correlates with less aggressive tumor features and luminal subtypes, suggesting a favorable prognosis and potential predictive value for CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy. Conversely, p16 expression associated with aggressive phenotypes, indicating poor prognosis. Further studies are warranted to validate these findings and explore their clinical implications. Integrating these biomarkers into clinical practice may enhance risk stratification and treatment decisions, ultimately improving outcomes for IBC patients.
浸润性乳腺癌（IBC）是全球范围内一个重大的健康问题，导致女性出现大量发病和死亡情况。细胞增殖失调是恶性肿瘤的一个标志，涉及由细胞周期蛋白D1和p16等蛋白质调节的分子途径。了解它们在IBC发病机制中的作用以及它们与预后参数的关联对于优化治疗策略至关重要。这项回顾性研究纳入了50例行改良根治性乳房切除术的女性IBC患者。进行了组织病理学评估以及细胞周期蛋白D1和p16的免疫组织化学染色。使用统计检验分析了蛋白质表达与临床病理参数之间的关联。76%的病例中检测到细胞周期蛋白D1表达，其与较低的肿瘤分级和较低的Ki-67增殖指数显著相关。它还与管腔A型/B型分子亚型相关。48%的病例中观察到p16表达，其与较高的肿瘤分级、较高的Ki-67指数以及三阴性/Her-2富集亚型显著相关。60%的病例中注意到细胞周期蛋白D1和p16的共表达。未发现蛋白质表达与其他参数之间存在显著关联。细胞周期蛋白D1和p16在IBC中显示出作为预后标志物的潜力。细胞周期蛋白D1表达与侵袭性较小的肿瘤特征和管腔亚型相关，提示预后良好以及对CDK4/6抑制剂治疗具有潜在预测价值。相反，p16表达与侵袭性表型相关，表明预后不良。有必要进一步开展研究以验证这些发现并探索其临床意义。将这些生物标志物整合到临床实践中可能会加强风险分层和治疗决策，最终改善IBC患者的治疗效果。
