Ph.D. Candidate of Health Education& Health Promotion, Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Health Educationand Health Promotion, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
PLoS One. 2024 Nov 19;19(11):e0313933. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313933. eCollection 2024.
Child marriage is one of the public health challenges that has caused increasing concerns in the health and development system. Therefore, this research was conducted to identify individual and interpersonal factors influencing child marriage from the perspectives of stakeholders and informants.
This qualitative study was conducted using content analysis and an inductive approach from 2023 to 2024 in Bam city, Kerman, Iran. Thirty-six stakeholders (girls who have been married for 15 years, parents, husbands, and informants) were purposively selected. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the Graneheim and Lundman approach, with the assistance of MAXQDA software.
After analyzing of the data, individual and interpersonal themes were emerged. The first theme of "individual factors" consisted of biological, psychological, and demographic category with four sub-categories including insufficient cognitive and inferential development, physiological and anatomical features, facing stressful factors in life, and demographic characteristics. The second theme of "interpersonal factors" consisted of family structure with four sub-categories including traditional parenting methods, family values, family breakup, Inefficiency of management and problem-solving in the family, and weak social capital in the family. The category of Ineffective interactions and social support also encompass two sub-categories: Peer pressure and reference groups, and inappropriate care and support relationship between teachers and students.
The results showed that individual and interpersonal factors are effective on children's marriage. Some individual factors have a biological origin, indicating that increasing girls' awareness of marriage, pregnancy, individual rights, and life skills is one solution that can help reduce early marriage. On an interpersonal level, fostering positive relationships within the family, school, and society, and strengthening the support network can play a crucial protective role for children.
童婚是公共卫生挑战之一，已引起健康和发展系统的日益关注。因此，本研究旨在从利益相关者和知情者的角度确定影响童婚的个人和人际因素。
本定性研究于 2023 年至 2024 年在伊朗克尔曼省巴姆市进行，采用内容分析法和归纳法，目的抽样选择了 36 名利益相关者（已结婚 15 年的女孩、父母、丈夫和知情者）。通过半结构式访谈收集数据，并使用 MAXQDA 软件协助采用 Graneheim 和 Lundman 方法进行分析。
在对数据进行分析后，出现了个人和人际主题。“个人因素”的第一个主题包括生物、心理和人口统计学类别，有四个亚类，包括认知和推理发展不足、生理和解剖特征、生活中面临压力因素以及人口特征。“人际因素”的第二个主题包括家庭结构，有四个亚类，包括传统的育儿方法、家庭价值观、家庭破裂、家庭管理和解决问题的效率低下以及家庭中薄弱的社会资本。无效互动和社会支持类别还包括两个亚类：同伴压力和参照群体以及教师和学生之间不适当的关怀和支持关系。
结果表明，个人和人际因素对儿童婚姻有影响。一些个人因素具有生物学起源，这表明提高女孩对婚姻、怀孕、个人权利和生活技能的认识是减少早婚的一种解决方案。在人际关系层面上，在家庭、学校和社会中培养积极的关系，并加强支持网络，可以为儿童提供关键的保护作用。
