Lebni Javad Yoosefi, Solhi Mahnaz, Fard Azar Farbod Ebadi, Farahani Farideh Khalajabadi
Department Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Population and Health, National Population Studies and Comprehensive Management Institute, Tehran, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2020 Sep 28;9:242. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_332_20. eCollection 2020.
One of the most thought-provoking problems in the world is child marriage that is affected by various factors. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the social determinants of child marriage in Kurdish regions of Iran.
This qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis approach. The participants of the study were 30 Iranian-Kurdish women married under the age of 18 who were selected through purposeful and snowballing sampling. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews and face-to-face interviews and continued until the saturation of concepts was achieved. Graneheim and Lundman method was used to analyze the data, and Guba and Lincoln criteria were used to strengthen the research.
In general, findings include 5 categories and 17 subcategories: 1 - economic factors (financial problems and economic benefits); 2 - sociocultural factors (social customs, cultural beliefs, community encouragement, social learning, gaining prestige, and social support); 3 - individual factors (physical characteristics, personality traits, lack of awareness of the damaging consequences of early marriage, and fear of the future); 4 - family factors (dysfunctional family, weak awareness of parents, and harm prevention); and 5 - structural factors (high demand, limited access to educational services, and the lack of supportive social and legal structures).
By raising the level of awareness and attitude of girls and their families about the consequences of early marriage, creating the culture of correcting cultural beliefs and social misconceptions, passing appropriate laws, and the use of local and national media to prevent child marriage, this social harm can be reduced.
童婚是世界上最发人深省的问题之一，它受到多种因素的影响。因此，本研究的目的是确定伊朗库尔德地区童婚的社会决定因素。
本定性研究采用常规内容分析法。研究参与者为30名18岁以下结婚的伊朗库尔德女性，她们通过立意抽样和滚雪球抽样的方式被选中。数据收集通过半结构化访谈和面对面访谈进行，持续到概念饱和。采用格兰海姆和伦德曼的方法分析数据，并使用古巴和林肯的标准来加强研究。
总体而言，研究结果包括5个类别和17个子类别：1 - 经济因素（经济问题和经济利益）；2 - 社会文化因素（社会习俗、文化信仰、社区鼓励、社会学习、获得声望和社会支持）；3 - 个人因素（身体特征、性格特点、对早婚危害后果缺乏认识以及对未来的恐惧）；4 - 家庭因素（功能失调的家庭、父母意识淡薄以及伤害预防）；5 - 结构因素（高需求、教育服务获取有限以及缺乏支持性的社会和法律结构）。
通过提高女孩及其家庭对早婚后果的认识和态度，营造纠正文化信仰和社会误解的文化氛围，通过适当的法律，并利用地方和国家媒体来预防童婚，可以减少这种社会危害。
