Vacca F, Galluzzi F, Blanco-Formoso M, Gianiorio T, De Fazio A F, Tantussi F, Stürmer S, Haq W, Zrenner E, Chaffiol A, Joffrois C, Picaud S, Benfenati F, De Angelis F, Colombo E
Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16132 Genova, Italy.
IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy.
Nano Lett. 2024 Dec 4;24(48):15215-15225. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02604. Epub 2024 Nov 19.
Most neural prosthetic devices are based on electrical stimulation, although the modulation of neuronal activity by a localized chemical delivery would better mimic physiological synaptic machinery. In the past decade, various drug delivery approaches attempted to emulate synaptic transmission, although they were hampered by poor retention of their cargo while reaching the target destination, low spatial resolution, and poor biocompatibility and stability of the materials involved. Here, we propose a planar solid-state device for multisite neurotransmitter translocation at the nanoscale consisting of a nanopatterned ceramic membrane connected to a reservoir designed to store neurotransmitters. We achieved diffusion-mediated glutamate stimulation of primary neurons, while we showed the feasibility to translocate other molecules through the pores by either pressure or diffusion, proving the versatility of the proposed technology. Finally, the system proved to be a promising neuronal stimulation interface in mice and nonhuman primates , paving the way toward a biomimetic chemical stimulation in neural prosthetics and brain machine interfaces.
大多数神经假体设备都基于电刺激，尽管通过局部化学递送调节神经元活动能更好地模拟生理突触机制。在过去十年中，各种药物递送方法试图模拟突触传递，尽管它们在到达目标位置时存在药物保留不佳、空间分辨率低以及所涉及材料的生物相容性和稳定性差等问题。在此，我们提出一种用于纳米级多部位神经递质转运的平面固态设备，它由连接到用于存储神经递质的储液器的纳米图案化陶瓷膜组成。我们实现了扩散介导的对原代神经元的谷氨酸刺激，同时展示了通过压力或扩散使其他分子通过孔隙转运的可行性，证明了所提出技术的多功能性。最后，该系统在小鼠和非人类灵长类动物中被证明是一种有前景的神经元刺激界面，为神经假体和脑机接口中的仿生化学刺激铺平了道路。
