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VGF/BDNF轴在阿尔茨海默病神经病理学中的作用及其在诊断和治疗中的潜在作用。

Involvement of the VGF/BDNF axis in the neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease and its potential role in diagnosis and treatment.

作者信息

Colín-Martínez Elizabeth, Arias Clorinda

机构信息

Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510, México.

出版信息

Rev Neurosci. 2024 Nov 19;36(3):267-278. doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2024-0110. Print 2025 Apr 28.

Abstract

The brain is a highly plastic organ that continually receives and integrates signals to generate functional and structural changes and homeostatic adaptations throughout life. Alterations in some signaling pathways that mediate these responses can impact brain plasticity, accelerate brain aging and potentially lead to neurodegeneration. There is substantial evidence that two important signaling pathways activated by neurotrophins, nonacronymic (VGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), are involved in substantial functions stimulating neuronal growth, differentiation, and circuit establishment during development and neuronal maintenance and plasticity in the mature brain. In this review, we present evidence that these two pathways and their interactions are central players in cognitive performance and alterations in pathological aging, particularly in conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Finally, we suggest specific avenues for future research on the basis of recent findings suggesting these molecules are diagnostic biomarkers and putative therapeutic tools to prevent, delay or improve AD neuropathology.

摘要

大脑是一个高度可塑性的器官,在整个生命过程中持续接收和整合信号,以产生功能和结构变化以及体内平衡适应。介导这些反应的一些信号通路的改变会影响大脑可塑性,加速大脑衰老,并可能导致神经退行性变。有大量证据表明,神经营养因子激活的两条重要信号通路,即非首字母缩写的VGF(非酰化生长因子)和脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF),在发育过程中刺激神经元生长、分化和回路建立以及在成熟大脑中维持神经元和可塑性的重要功能中发挥作用。在这篇综述中,我们提供证据表明这两条信号通路及其相互作用是认知表现和病理性衰老改变的核心因素,尤其是在阿尔茨海默病(AD)等病症中。最后,基于最近的研究结果,即这些分子是诊断生物标志物以及预防、延缓或改善AD神经病理学的潜在治疗工具,我们提出了未来研究的具体途径。

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