Coleman S B, Kaplan J D, Downing R W
Fam Process. 1986 Mar;25(1):5-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1545-5300.1986.00005.x.
This research studied the function of heroin addiction as a family-learned method of coping with death, separation, and loss across the life cycle. Heroin addicts, psychiatric outpatients, and normal students were given an extensive interview and test battery to determine the incidence of loss of family members and significant others. Because the impact of death is often overcome through religious rituals, this study also investigated the subjects' perception of their families' religious values and orientation to life's meaning and purpose. Results indicate that the incidence of death differs significantly across groups and that addicts have a distinct orientation to death, are more suicidal, and have more premature and bizarre death experiences. During childhood they have more family separations, and they tend to develop a distinct pattern of continuously separating from and returning to their families. They are also less likely to have a clearly defined purpose in life. A subset of parents from each group were also interviewed and tested, and these results support the theory of the intergenerational transmission of behavior.
本研究探讨了海洛因成瘾作为一种在整个生命周期中通过家庭习得的应对死亡、分离和丧失的方式所起的作用。对海洛因成瘾者、精神科门诊患者和正常学生进行了广泛的访谈和一系列测试，以确定家庭成员及重要他人丧失的发生率。由于死亡的影响通常可通过宗教仪式得以克服，本研究还调查了受试者对其家庭宗教价值观的认知以及对生命意义和目的的取向。结果表明，不同群体间死亡发生率存在显著差异，成瘾者对死亡有独特的取向，更具自杀倾向，且有更多过早和离奇的死亡经历。在童年时期，他们有更多的家庭分离情况，并且倾向于形成一种不断与家庭分离又回归的独特模式。他们在生活中也不太可能有明确的目标。还对每组中的一部分父母进行了访谈和测试，这些结果支持了行为代际传递的理论。
