Kané Fousseyni, Collins John, Koné Amadou, Keita Noumou Y, Cisse Issa, Koné Klèma M, Diallo Dramane, Konate Issa, Dabitao Djeneba K, Diarra Bassirou, Sanogo Ibrahim, Coulibaly Tenin A, Diallo Mountaga, Keita Daouda, Tangara Cheick O, Diakité Mahamadou, Dao Sounkalo, Fouth-Tchos Karine, Aboulhab Jamila, Neal Aaron, Shaw-Saliba Kathryn, Lu Xiang-Jun, Briese Thomas, Lipkin W Ian, Guindo Ibrehima, Chen Ray Y, Wickiser J Kenneth, Doumbia Seydou
University Clinical Research Center (UCRC), Techniques, and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali; Global Alliance for Preventing Pandemics, Columbia University, NY, New York, United States of America.
Center for Infection and Immunity, Columbia University, NY, New York, United States of America; Global Alliance for Preventing Pandemics, Columbia University, NY, New York, United States of America.
Infect Genet Evol. 2024 Dec;126:105691. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105691. Epub 2024 Nov 20.
Measles is vaccine-preventable extremely contagious disease caused by the measles virus. High vaccination coverage is needed to prevent outbreaks of disease. Although molecular surveillance of measles is critical to characterize outbreaks and track viral evolution, few whole-genome sequences of measles virus from West Africa are available despite continual outbreaks in the region. Using VirCapSeq-VERT, an enhanced and comprehensive metagenomic sequencing technique that allows for simultaneous identification of all vertebrate viruses, 23 wild-type near-complete genomes of measles virus from across Mali were obtained from samples collected between January 2012 to October 2022. Other febrile rash illnesses were also identified by VirCapSeq-VERT, demonstrating the advantage of using broad detection agnostic methods when the clinical diagnosis is unclear. Whereas one measles virus sequence was consistent with measles vaccine-associated rash illness (VARI), the remaining 38 were classified within the B3.1 genotype. Broad surveillance throughout Mali reveals regional measles virus transmission across West and Central Africa into Mali, while local clinical testing in Bamako shows stable sequence conservation within genotype B3.1 evolving from Nigerian sequences. The genomic information generated in this study is critical in addressing the lack of whole genome sequences available in West Africa and these findings show the importance of phylogenetically tracking measles outbreaks given recent increases in measles cases globally.
麻疹是一种由麻疹病毒引起的可通过疫苗预防的极具传染性的疾病。需要高疫苗接种覆盖率来预防疾病爆发。尽管麻疹的分子监测对于确定疫情特征和追踪病毒进化至关重要，但尽管西非地区疫情不断，该地区可用的麻疹病毒全基因组序列却很少。使用VirCapSeq-VERT（一种增强型综合宏基因组测序技术，可同时识别所有脊椎动物病毒），从2012年1月至2022年10月收集的样本中获得了来自马里各地的23个麻疹病毒野生型近完整基因组。VirCapSeq-VERT还识别出了其他发热性皮疹疾病，这表明在临床诊断不明确时使用广泛的无偏见检测方法的优势。其中一个麻疹病毒序列与麻疹疫苗相关皮疹疾病（VARI）一致，其余38个被归类为B3.1基因型。对马里各地的广泛监测显示，麻疹病毒在西非和中非地区传播至马里，而巴马科的当地临床检测表明，B3.1基因型内的序列保守稳定，是从尼日利亚序列进化而来的。本研究中生成的基因组信息对于解决西非缺乏可用全基因组序列的问题至关重要，这些发现表明，鉴于近期全球麻疹病例增加，从系统发育角度追踪麻疹疫情具有重要意义。
