Krasitskaya Vasilisa V, Drandrova Kristina A, Tyumentseva Anna V, Vazhenina Irina G, Lukyanenko Anna V, Stolyar Sergey V, Frank Ludmila A
Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 2025 Jun;72(3):766-776. doi: 10.1002/bab.2696. Epub 2024 Nov 22.
Exosomes are a type of membrane vesicle secreted into the extracellular medium by most cell types. They have a great potential for clinical practice as noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosis of various diseases, prognosis, and monitoring of therapy, which stimulates the development of simple methods for isolating exosomes from biological fluids. A novel affine material based on aminosilanized superparamagnetic core‒shell nanoparticles for fast isolation of urinary exosomes is reported. Iron oxide nanoparticles coated with amino organosilane have been synthesized. The structural and magnetic characteristics of the resulting nanoparticles have been studied by transmission electron microscopy and ferromagnetic resonance. The surface of the synthesized nanoparticles has been chemically functionalized with lectin (concanavalin A), and the efficiency of the obtained material as a sorbent for affine exosome isolation from human urine has been demonstrated. A highly purified fraction of exosomes 90-200 nm in size has been obtained. The exosomal nature of the isolated vesicles has been confirmed by bioluminescent solid-phase microassay of tetrasporine receptor markers. The presence of exosomal miR-21 in the isolated human urine exosome samples has been established.
外泌体是大多数细胞类型分泌到细胞外介质中的一种膜泡。它们作为诊断各种疾病、预后和治疗监测的非侵入性生物标志物，在临床实践中具有巨大潜力，这刺激了从生物流体中分离外泌体的简单方法的发展。本文报道了一种基于氨基硅烷化超顺磁性核壳纳米颗粒的新型亲和材料，用于快速分离尿液外泌体。合成了包覆氨基有机硅烷的氧化铁纳米颗粒。通过透射电子显微镜和铁磁共振研究了所得纳米颗粒的结构和磁性特征。合成的纳米颗粒表面用凝集素（伴刀豆球蛋白A）进行了化学功能化，并证明了所得材料作为从人尿中亲和分离外泌体的吸附剂的效率。获得了大小为90 - 200nm的高度纯化的外泌体组分。通过四孢素受体标志物的生物发光固相微分析证实了分离的囊泡的外泌体性质。已确定在分离的人尿外泌体样品中存在外泌体miR - 21。
