Zhang Kexin, Ma Yucen, Yang Di, Cao Mengyu, Jin Huijing, Leng Jiyan
Department of Cadre Ward, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2024 Oct 4;11:1469052. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1469052. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to assess the risk factors for falls and evaluate the correlation between arteriosclerosis, hemodynamic indices, and the risk of falls in older individuals.
This cross-sectional study included 920 individuals aged 60 and above from the cadre ward of the First Hospital of Jilin University. Data were obtained from the comprehensive geriatric assessment database of the cadre ward. Ankle-brachial indices (ABI) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were measured using an OMRON arteriosclerosis detection device. Hemodynamic indices were assessed using the CSM3100 thoracic impedance hemodynamic detection system. Fall risk was evaluated with the fall risk assessment tool.
Significant differences in age, weight, education, smoking status, alcohol consumption, cognitive impairment, malnutrition, daily living abilities, depressive state, baPWV, ABI (all < 0.001), systolic pressure, heart rate, cardiac stroke volume, and systemic vascular resistance were observed among the three groups ( = 0.011, = 0.035, = 0.005, = 0.016). Ordinal logistic regression analysis indicated that the probability of an increase in fall risk by one level was 2.069 times higher for each unit decrease in educational background. Additionally, fall risk increased by 2.492 times for each additional year of age, 55.813 times for each unit of weight, 3.208 times for smoking status, 3.610 times for alcohol consumption, 4.665 times for cognitive impairment, 2.247 times for malnutrition, 2.596 times for ABI, 2.092 times for heart rate, and 1.586 times for cardiac stroke volume. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for fall risk in older individuals demonstrated that ABI was superior to heart rate and systemic vascular resistance in predicting the occurrence of falls.
Our findings indicate that age, weight, educational background, smoking status, alcohol consumption, cognitive impairment, malnutrition, ABI, systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiac stroke volume are associated with an increased risk of falls in older adults. Moreover, arteriosclerosis and hemodynamic parameters may aid in the early identification of fall risk among older individuals.
本研究旨在评估老年人跌倒的危险因素，并评估动脉硬化、血流动力学指标与跌倒风险之间的相关性。
这项横断面研究纳入了吉林大学第一医院干部病房920名60岁及以上的个体。数据来自干部病房的综合老年评估数据库。使用欧姆龙动脉硬化检测设备测量踝臂指数（ABI）和臂踝脉搏波速度（baPWV）。使用CSM3100胸阻抗血流动力学检测系统评估血流动力学指标。使用跌倒风险评估工具评估跌倒风险。
三组在年龄、体重、教育程度、吸烟状况、饮酒、认知障碍、营养不良、日常生活能力、抑郁状态、baPWV、ABI（均<0.001）、收缩压、心率、心搏量和全身血管阻力方面存在显著差异（=0.011，=0.035，=0.005，=0.016）。有序逻辑回归分析表明，教育背景每降低一个单位，跌倒风险增加一级的概率高2.069倍。此外，年龄每增加一岁，跌倒风险增加2.492倍，体重每增加一个单位，跌倒风险增加55.813倍，吸烟状况增加3.208倍，饮酒增加3.610倍，认知障碍增加4.665倍，营养不良增加2.247倍，ABI增加2.596倍，心率增加2.092倍，心搏量增加1.586倍。老年人跌倒风险的受试者工作特征曲线分析表明，ABI在预测跌倒发生方面优于心率和全身血管阻力。
我们的研究结果表明，年龄、体重、教育背景、吸烟状况、饮酒、认知障碍、营养不良、ABI收缩压、心率和心搏量与老年人跌倒风险增加有关。此外，动脉硬化和血流动力学参数可能有助于早期识别老年人的跌倒风险。
