Zabin L S, Hirsch M B, Smith E A, Streett R, Hardy J B
J Adolesc Health Care. 1986 Mar;7(2):77-87. doi: 10.1016/s0197-0070(86)80001-8.
Despite the increased interest in the effects of adolescent pregnancy-prevention programs, most interventions lack the research design and data essential for evaluation. This article describes a model in which evaluative research was incorporated in program design. The derivation of the model, the selection of measurable parameters, characteristics of the population reflected in baseline and subsequent data, and problems in quantifying and interpreting appropriate variables are discussed. Clinic data and aggregate data from three self-administered surveys is used. The surveys were completed by students in the inner-city junior and senior high schools that cooperated in the education and clinical program. We demonstrate how these two types of data augment one another in assessing program effects. The study explores the evaluation and the timing of change in sexual knowledge, attitudes, and behavior (coital, contraceptive, and clinic) and thus may contribute to the design of measurable, replicable interventions.
尽管人们对青少年预防怀孕项目的效果越来越感兴趣，但大多数干预措施缺乏评估所需的研究设计和数据。本文描述了一种将评估研究纳入项目设计的模式。讨论了该模式的推导、可测量参数的选择、基线数据和后续数据所反映的人群特征，以及量化和解释适当变量时存在的问题。使用了临床数据和来自三项自填式调查的汇总数据。这些调查由参与教育和临床项目的市中心初中和高中学生完成。我们展示了这两种类型的数据如何在评估项目效果时相互补充。该研究探讨了性知识、态度和行为（性交、避孕和就诊）变化的评估及时间安排，因此可能有助于设计可测量、可复制的干预措施。
