Li Bohao, Xiong Yan, Guo Dong, Deng Guohong, Wu Haibo
School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China.
Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2025 Jan 10;144:113627. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113627. Epub 2024 Nov 22.
The gut microbiota is a highly complex microbial community residing in the digestive tract of humans and animals, closely linked to host health. Dysbiosis within the gut microbiota has been associated with various diseases. Moreover, it interacts with the female reproductive system's microbiota, influencing maternal reproductive homeostasis. Although the gut microbiota holds potential for treating reproductive system diseases and modulating offspring fertility, research in this domain remains limited. This review examines the relationship between both balanced and imbalanced gut microbiota and reproductive system diseases, as well as their effects on fetal development. It is highlighted that dysbiosis in the gut microbiota may contribute to several reproductive conditions, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), preeclampsia (PE), endometriosis, gestational diabetes, and reproductive cancers. The abundance of specific gut microbial species or interactions among various species can influence the reproductive system through hormonal pathways and other mechanisms, ultimately affecting pregnancy outcomes and fetal health. Therefore, the concept of the gut-reproductive axis is proposed, emphasizing the significant role of maternal gut microbiota in shaping fetal development, metabolic capacity, and immunity.
肠道微生物群是存在于人类和动物消化道中的高度复杂的微生物群落，与宿主健康密切相关。肠道微生物群的失调与多种疾病有关。此外，它还与女性生殖系统的微生物群相互作用，影响母体生殖稳态。尽管肠道微生物群在治疗生殖系统疾病和调节后代生育能力方面具有潜力，但该领域的研究仍然有限。本综述探讨了肠道微生物群平衡和失衡与生殖系统疾病之间的关系，以及它们对胎儿发育的影响。强调肠道微生物群失调可能导致多种生殖疾病，包括多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）、先兆子痫（PE）、子宫内膜异位症、妊娠期糖尿病和生殖系统癌症。特定肠道微生物物种的丰度或各种物种之间的相互作用可通过激素途径和其他机制影响生殖系统，最终影响妊娠结局和胎儿健康。因此，提出了肠道-生殖轴的概念，强调母体肠道微生物群在塑造胎儿发育、代谢能力和免疫方面的重要作用。
