Lee Yeon-Hee, Park Hae Jeong, Jeong Su-Jin, Auh Q-Schick, Jung Junho, Lee Gi-Ja, Shin Seungil, Hong Ji-Youn
Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, College of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
J Oral Biosci. 2025 Mar;67(1):100591. doi: 10.1016/j.job.2024.100591. Epub 2024 Nov 23.
The oral microbiome plays an important role in the development and progression of periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to compare microbial profiles of oral cavities in good health, with gingivitis, and in a state of periodontitis, and to identify novel pathogens involved in periodontal diseases.
One hundred and two participants, including 33 healthy controls, 41 patients with gingivitis, and 28 patients with periodontitis, were included in this cross-sectional study. Salivary oral microbiomes were investigated using 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing, and the microbial profiles of each group were compared using age- and sex-adjusted general linear models.
The abundance of amplicon sequence variants and Chao1 diversity were significantly elevated in the gingivitis and periodontitis groups relative to healthy controls (p = 0.046). Based on linear discriminant analysis (LDA) scores (>2), Tenericutes, Mollicutes, Mycoplasmatales, Mycoplasmataceae, Mycoplasma, Bacteroidaceae, and Phocaeicola were significantly enriched in the gingivitis group, and Synergistetes, Synergistia, Synergistales, Synergistaceae, Fretibacterium, Sinanaerobacter, and Filifactor were enriched in the periodontitis group. The relative abundances of Fretibacterium fastidiosum, Sinanaerobacter chloroacetimidivorans, and Filifactor alocis (q = 0.008, all bacteria) were highest in the periodontitis group and lowest in the control group. The relative abundance of Treponema denticola was significantly elevated in the periodontitis group compared to the other two groups (q = 0.024).
Oral microbiomes differed between groups. T. denticola, F. fastidiosum, S. chloroacetimidivorans and F. alocis were significantly more abundant in the periodontitis group than in the control group. Additionally, the abundance of T. denticola and F. fastidiosum in the periodontitis group was significantly different from that in the gingivitis group.
口腔微生物群在牙周疾病的发生和发展中起重要作用。本研究的目的是比较健康口腔、牙龈炎患者口腔和牙周炎患者口腔的微生物谱，并鉴定参与牙周疾病的新型病原体。
本横断面研究纳入了102名参与者，包括33名健康对照者、41名牙龈炎患者和28名牙周炎患者。使用16S rRNA宏基因组测序研究唾液口腔微生物群，并使用年龄和性别调整的一般线性模型比较每组的微生物谱。
相对于健康对照者，牙龈炎组和牙周炎组的扩增子序列变体丰度和Chao1多样性显著升高（p = 0.046）。基于线性判别分析（LDA）得分（>2），柔膜菌纲、柔膜菌目、支原体目、支原体科、支原体属、拟杆菌科和福赛坦氏菌属在牙龈炎组中显著富集，而协同菌门、协同菌纲、协同菌目、协同菌科、苛求杆菌属、嗜氯乙酸厌氧杆菌属和纤细杆菌属在牙周炎组中富集。苛求纤细杆菌、嗜氯乙酸厌氧杆菌和具核纤细杆菌的相对丰度（所有细菌，q = 0.008）在牙周炎组中最高，在对照组中最低。与其他两组相比，牙周炎组中齿垢密螺旋体的相对丰度显著升高（q = 0.024）。
各组之间的口腔微生物群存在差异。牙周炎组中齿垢密螺旋体、苛求纤细杆菌、嗜氯乙酸厌氧杆菌和具核纤细杆菌的丰度显著高于对照组。此外，牙周炎组中齿垢密螺旋体和苛求纤细杆菌的丰度与牙龈炎组显著不同。
