Hou Jiaojiao, Deng Qin, Sha Linna, Zhu Jiangbo, Xiang Rong, Zhao Xunying, Xiao Changfeng, Qin Chenjiarui, Qu Yang, Han Tao, Song Xin, Yang Bin, Yu Ting, Zhou Jinyu, Zheng Sirui, Fan Mengyu, Yan Peijing, Jiang Xia
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, and West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
J Affect Disord. 2025 Feb 15;371:279-288. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.11.065. Epub 2024 Nov 22.
While the benefits of physical activity (PA) on depression in adults have been well-established, its impact on depression in adolescents remains understudied. This study aimed to examine the relationship between PA and depression in adolescents, aggregating published prospective observational studies.
We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, and PsycINFO, for prospective observational studies that examined the relationship between PA and depression in adolescents from the inception of these databases to November 17, 2022, without any language restrictions. Two independent reviewers performed data extraction and assessed the risk of bias. We utilized a random-effects model to calculate the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (95%CIs). Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore potential sources of heterogeneity.
This study included 11 original articles, involving 59,786 adolescents (46.4 % male). Primary analysis revealed that adolescents who engaged in higher levels of PA showed a 3 % significantly decreased risk of developing depression compared to those with lower levels (OR = 0.97, 95%CI = 0.94-0.99, P = 0.01; I = 41.7 %). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. Subgroup analyses demonstrated heterogeneity to be primarily attributed to data source, geographic region, and follow-up period (P< 0.01, 0.01 and 0.01, respectively), while no significant sex-specific association was found (P = 0.30).
Our systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies indicates that higher levels of PA are associated with a reduced risk of depression in adolescents. This highlights the need for policies to promote increased PA levels among adolescents for the prevention of depression.
虽然体育活动（PA）对成年人抑郁症的益处已得到充分证实，但其对青少年抑郁症的影响仍研究不足。本研究旨在汇总已发表的前瞻性观察性研究，探讨PA与青少年抑郁症之间的关系。
我们检索了MEDLINE、Embase、Cochrane和PsycINFO数据库，查找从这些数据库建立至2022年11月17日期间，研究PA与青少年抑郁症关系的前瞻性观察性研究，无语言限制。两名独立评审员进行数据提取并评估偏倚风险。我们使用随机效应模型计算合并比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（95%CI）。进行亚组分析以探索异质性的潜在来源。
本研究纳入11篇原创文章，涉及59786名青少年（46.4%为男性）。初步分析显示，与PA水平较低的青少年相比，PA水平较高的青少年患抑郁症的风险显著降低3%（OR = 0.97，95%CI = 0.94 - 0.99，P = 0.01；I² = 41.7%）。敏感性分析证实了这些结果的稳健性。亚组分析表明，异质性主要归因于数据来源、地理区域和随访期（分别为P < 0.01、0.01和0.01），而未发现显著的性别特异性关联（P = 0.30）。
我们对前瞻性观察性研究的系统评价和荟萃分析表明，较高水平的PA与青少年抑郁症风险降低相关。这凸显了制定政策以促进青少年增加PA水平以预防抑郁症的必要性。
