Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 25;14(1):29123. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-79716-1.
Soft-tissue sarcomas are uncommon, aggressive, and histologically heterogeneous, malignant tumors. Soft-tissue tumor types have different age and anatomical site distributions. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and incidence of soft-tissue sarcomas of the extremities to facilitate early diagnosis and intervention in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This retrospective study included all patients diagnosed with primary soft-tissue sarcomas of the extremities and pelvis between January 2006 and December 2015. The data were obtained from the Saudi Cancer Registry. Means and confidence intervals were reported for numerical variables, whereas the frequencies and percentages were reported for categorical variables. The chi-squared test and analysis of variance were used to test the associations between categorical numerical variables. Cox regression analysis was used to determine the hazard ratios for each sarcoma type. Of the 659 patients, 145 (22%) were aged 19-30 years, 365 (55.4%) were men, and 411 (62.4%) had lower limb sarcoma. Most of the tumors (54.3%) were localized. The incidence of sarcoma ranged from 2 to 2.9 cases per one million (average, 2.4 cases per one million). Moreover, liposarcoma was the most commonly diagnosed (n = 135; 20.5%), followed by undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (n = 87; 13.2%). The incidence of soft-tissue sarcomas in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia were lower than those in Western countries. However, the distribution of soft-tissue sarcoma subtypes was similar to those in other countries. The survival rates in this study highlight the need for continued research and targeted interventions to improve the outcomes of patients with soft-tissue sarcomas, especially those with more aggressive subtypes, such as sarcoma not otherwise specified and rhabdomyosarcoma.
软组织肉瘤是一种罕见的、侵袭性的、组织学上具有异质性的恶性肿瘤。软组织肿瘤的类型具有不同的年龄和解剖部位分布。本研究旨在评估沙特阿拉伯四肢软组织肉瘤的患病率和发病率，以便早期诊断和干预。
这项回顾性研究包括 2006 年 1 月至 2015 年 12 月期间诊断为四肢和骨盆原发性软组织肉瘤的所有患者。数据来自沙特癌症登记处。数值变量报告平均值和置信区间，分类变量报告频率和百分比。卡方检验和方差分析用于检验分类数值变量之间的关联。Cox 回归分析用于确定每种肉瘤类型的风险比。
在 659 名患者中，145 名（22%）年龄在 19-30 岁之间，365 名（55.4%）为男性，411 名（62.4%）患有下肢肉瘤。大多数肿瘤（54.3%）为局限性。肉瘤的发病率为每百万人口 2 至 2.9 例（平均每百万人口 2.4 例）。此外，脂肪肉瘤是最常见的诊断类型（n=135；20.5%），其次是未分化多形性肉瘤（n=87；13.2%）。
沙特阿拉伯的软组织肉瘤发病率低于西方国家。然而，软组织肉瘤亚型的分布与其他国家相似。本研究中的生存率强调需要继续研究和有针对性的干预措施，以改善软组织肉瘤患者的结局，特别是那些具有更具侵袭性亚型的患者，如未特指的肉瘤和横纹肌肉瘤。
