Verbeke Joke, Matthys Christophe
Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Curr Dev Nutr. 2024 Oct 15;8(11):104479. doi: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104479. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Most technology-based dietary assessment methods use the same methodology as traditional dietary assessment methods resulting in similar limitations and biases. Experience sampling methodology (ESM) is a real-life real-time data-capturing method that is explored as an alternative methodology for dietary assessment to improve feasibility and data accuracy.
This research aimed to develop and evaluate an experience sampling-based dietary assessment method (ESDAM) measuring habitual dietary intake.
Starting from a food frequency questionnaire, experience sampling principles were implemented resulting in a pilot ESDAM. Second, the pilot ESDAM was evaluated for feasibility and convergent validity compared with a 3-d food record. Mean intake with standard deviations was compared between the pilot ESDAM, food record (FR), and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and Spearman correlation coefficients (SCCs) were calculated. Third, following a literature review and expert opinion, the questions and design of the pilot ESDAM were further adapted to ESM and implemented in an experience sampling survey application. The resulting prototype ESDAM underwent 2 rounds of user experience (UX) evaluation in which 10 persons tested ESDAM for 1 wk followed by a structured evaluation interview.
The pilot ESDAM, FR, and FFQ were completed by 27 participants and the evaluation questionnaire by 78 participants. Mean energy intake by the FFQ, pilot ESDAM, and FR was 1272.2 ± 308.9 kcal/d, 1592.3 ± 358.9 kcal/d, and 1664.6 ± 257.8 kcal, respectively. The evaluation revealed the limited time window (19:00-23:00) to respond was inconvenient, good acceptability, and ease of use of the pilot ESDAM. The UX evaluation study revealed overall good acceptability, ease of use, and low burden of the different prototypes of ESDAM.
ESM could advance the field beyond traditional methodologies and improve feasibility. ESDAM is unique in assessing dietary intake quantitatively through ESM. Additional assessment of validity might shed light on the data accuracy of ESDAM.
大多数基于技术的膳食评估方法采用与传统膳食评估方法相同的方法，导致类似的局限性和偏差。经验抽样法（ESM）是一种在现实生活中实时采集数据的方法，作为膳食评估的替代方法进行探索，以提高可行性和数据准确性。
本研究旨在开发和评估一种基于经验抽样的膳食评估方法（ESDAM），用于测量习惯性膳食摄入量。
从食物频率问卷出发，实施经验抽样原则，形成试点ESDAM。其次，将试点ESDAM与3天食物记录进行比较，评估其可行性和收敛效度。比较试点ESDAM、食物记录（FR）和食物频率问卷（FFQ）的平均摄入量及标准差，并计算斯皮尔曼相关系数（SCC）。第三，在文献综述和专家意见的基础上，试点ESDAM的问题和设计进一步适应ESM，并在经验抽样调查应用中实施。最终的原型ESDAM进行了两轮用户体验（UX）评估，10人对ESDAM进行了1周的测试，随后进行了结构化评估访谈。
27名参与者完成了试点ESDAM、FR和FFQ，78名参与者完成了评估问卷。FFQ、试点ESDAM和FR的平均能量摄入量分别为1272.2±308.9千卡/天、1592.3±358.9千卡/天和（此处原文有误，按照翻译应是）1664.6±257.8千卡。评估显示，19:00-23:00的有限回复时间窗口不方便，试点ESDAM的可接受性良好且易于使用。UX评估研究显示，ESDAM不同原型的总体可接受性良好、易于使用且负担较低。
ESM可以推动该领域超越传统方法，提高可行性。ESDAM在通过ESM定量评估膳食摄入量方面具有独特性。对效度的进一步评估可能会揭示ESDAM的数据准确性。
