Shishido Hatsune, Kagawa Masaharu
Institute of Nutrition Sciences, Kagawa Nutrition University, Saitama 350-0288, Japan.
Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2024 Nov 4;9(4):219. doi: 10.3390/jfmk9040219.
Global warming and the rise in the average temperature in recent years have increased the risk of heat stroke and also deteriorated performance among athletes. Kendo, a traditional Japanese martial art and also a competitive sport, is reported to have high incidents of heat stroke and related mortality. However, there is no heat management guideline for this specific sport to date and research on its heat management practices and risk factors for heat stroke are limited. The present study conducted a scoping review on studies focused on heat stress and the heat management practices of Kendo players. A literature search was conducted using five databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, Ichu-shi Web, CiNii, and Google Scholar) and also manually from the references of searched articles. Overall, the studies that have investigated the heat stress of Kendo players are scarce and outdated. Of the 15 references that met screening criteria, 11 studies were conducted in a field setting. The vast majority were conducted on male university students and there was a lack of research on females and on different age groups. Common measures of heat management practices used in previous studies were weight changes before and after training ( = 14), body temperature ( = 9), and heart rate ( = 8). Only a few studies used multiple measures to determine heat stress. Considering the continuation of global warming and the increasing risk of heat stroke, further investigation on heat stress, its association with health and performance, and current heat management practices in Kendo players are warranted.
近年来，全球变暖和平均气温上升增加了中暑风险，也降低了运动员的表现。据报道，日本传统武术及竞技运动剑道的中暑及相关死亡率很高。然而，迄今为止，这项特定运动尚无热管理指南，关于其热管理实践和中暑风险因素的研究也很有限。本研究对聚焦于剑道运动员热应激和热管理实践的研究进行了范围综述。使用五个数据库（PubMed、SCOPUS、Ichu-shi Web、CiNii和谷歌学术）进行了文献检索，并从检索文章的参考文献中手动检索。总体而言，研究剑道运动员热应激的研究稀缺且过时。在符合筛选标准的15篇参考文献中，11项研究是在实地环境中进行的。绝大多数研究针对的是男大学生，缺乏对女性和不同年龄组的研究。先前研究中常用的热管理实践测量指标是训练前后的体重变化（n = 14）、体温（n = 9）和心率（n = 8）。只有少数研究使用多种测量指标来确定热应激。考虑到全球变暖的持续以及中暑风险的增加，有必要进一步研究剑道运动员的热应激、其与健康和表现的关联以及当前的热管理实践。
