Zietlow Anna-Lena, Krumpholtz Lea
Professur für Klinische Kinder- und Jugendpsychologie, Fakultät für Psychologie, Institut für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187, Dresden, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2024 Dec;67(12):1350-1358. doi: 10.1007/s00103-024-03978-3. Epub 2024 Nov 25.
Growing up with a mentally ill parent is associated with multiple and far-reaching developmental risks for children. The intergenerational transmission of parental mental disorders is influenced by a variety of risk and protective factors as well as mediating mechanisms both on the part of the parents and children and in the social environment. The influence of parental psychopathology is particularly strong in the first years of life, but also affects development in childhood and adolescence and can have a lifelong negative impact on mental health. Due to the diverse and long-term effects on child development, the identification of transmission factors and the development of prevention and intervention strategies as early as possible are highly relevant in order to reduce the far-reaching negative consequences for the development of the offspring. Possible starting points for this include identified risk and protective factors as well as mediating mechanisms between parental psychopathology and child development. These factors and their effects on early child development are presented in this narrative review based on the current state of research. In addition, research gaps are identified and implications for the development of early interventions are discussed.
与患有精神疾病的父母一起成长会给孩子带来多种深远的发育风险。父母精神障碍的代际传递受到多种风险和保护因素以及父母、孩子和社会环境中的中介机制的影响。父母精神病理学的影响在生命的最初几年尤为强烈，但也会影响儿童期和青春期的发育，并可能对心理健康产生终身负面影响。由于对儿童发育有多样且长期的影响，尽早识别传递因素并制定预防和干预策略对于减少对后代发育的深远负面后果至关重要。对此可能的切入点包括已确定的风险和保护因素以及父母精神病理学与儿童发育之间的中介机制。基于当前的研究状况，本叙述性综述介绍了这些因素及其对幼儿发育的影响。此外，还确定了研究空白并讨论了对早期干预发展的启示。
